ABCs of CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Kids - PowerPoint Presentation

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ABCs of CBT

Cognitive Behavior Therapy for KidsToolkit for Elementary School Counselors

Kathie GuildMcDougle Elementary School Counselorkguild@chccs.k12.nc.us919-969-2435 x64350https://sites.google.com/a/chccs.k12.nc.us/kguild/

https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mcdougle-Elementary-School-Counseling/684793301549512

https://twitter.com/MEScounseling

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Cognitive Behavior Therapy Overview

Psychotherapy also known as cognitive therapy

Focus on the present Time-limited ( 6-12 sessions)Problem-solving orientedStudents learn specific skills that they can use for the rest of their lives. These skills involve identifying distorted thinking, modifying beliefs, relating to others in different ways, and changing behaviors.http://www.beckinstitute.org/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/

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CBT

Instructional & Directive

Socratic Questioning

Collaborative Relationship – partnership

Assumptions: 1) student capable of becoming aware of one’s thoughts and behaviors and changing them 2) sometimes thoughts might be distorted and fail to reflect reality accurately

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It is not the event ( a = activating event) but the thought about the event (b = belief or automatic thought) that creates emotional distress (c=consequences). This is known as the ABC formula.

School counselor helps students recognize their automatic thoughts and consequent emotions and

behaviors.Automatic Thoughts

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ABC of the CBT Format

A-B-C formula

A= activating event

B= automatic thought about the event

C= consequences

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Thought Cycles in CBT

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A-=activating event* B-=belief ( dogmatic thought)

* C= consequenceC= what is the consequence. What do you do? (physical reaction)

How do you feel? (emotional response)The Art of ScalingScaling – rate your feeling on a 1-10 scale

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CBT Thought Record Example

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D- Dispute the dogmatic belief. What is the evidence for it? What is the evidence against it? What else might this be? If you were to ask someone else about the situation what would they say? If someone came to you about this, what advice would you offer them?

Adding D E F

* E- Evaluate. Thinking about it in this light , how does this belief make you feel ( scaling)? Use different words to describe the situation.

* F- Future Plan.

Develop a plan for reframing this thought if this situation happens again. When you think of this event again, put in your replacement thought

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Sample Thought Record Worksheet with D.E.F.

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Dogmatic ThoughtsCreate Emotional DistressDictate MoodsBlock Hope and ChangeHelp Students Recognize Their Own Automatic Thoughts

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Tracking Thought Bubbles

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Automatic Thoughts Effect Feelings & Behaviors

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All or Nothing ThinkingOvergeneralizationMental FilterDiscounting the PositiveJumping to ConclusionsMagnify/MinimizeEmotional ReasoningLabeling

CatastrophizingShouldizing & MusterbationFairnessCommon Automatic Thoughts Identified by Beck

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CBT CrittersBlack and White Thinking

Mental Filter

Overgeneralizations

“That Stinks” Skunk

General Ostrich

Filtering Flamingo

If I am not perfect I have failed.

Either I do it right or

not

all.

Seeing a pattern based upon a single event.

Being overly broad in drawing conclusions

Only paying attention to certain types of evidence

Noticing our failures, but not seeing our

successes.

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CBT Creepers

Discounting the Positive

Jumping to ConclusionsMagnifying/Minimizing

Count BatulaLeap Frog

Puffer FishDiscounting the good things that have

happened

or that you have done

.

“That doesn’t count

.”

Mind Reading + Fortune

T

elling

Imagining we know the thoughts of others &

p

redicting the future

S

eeing things out of proportion. Either way too big or way too small

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CBT Creepers

Labeling

CatasphorizingShouldizing

FairnessLamb “that’s baaaad”

Catastrophic CatShrew

Fair Falcon

You should

Assigning labels to ourselves or others.

“I’m a loser.”

Thinking something is far worse then

it actually is.

“It is the end of the world.”

Using critical words such as

s

hould, must, ought makes us feel guilty

a

nd like we have already failed.

Applying shoulds

to others results in frustration. Thinking things are unfair for you or believing unfairness is directed at you creates resentment and anger.“it is not fair that I always get stuck doing the hardest work.”

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Living in the Shadow of the What If…

……

…

How does this problem prevent you from living the life you want to?

If you didn’t have this problem, what would you be doing?

What would you be doing differently?

What if…?

What if…?

What if…?

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Thought JournalsPleasant Activity SchedulingOne good thing that happened and one thing to look forward to dailyJournaling feelingsBefore event, write down fears and what your core beliefs are.Practice deep breathing, visualizations, and replacements thoughts routinely.

CBT Homework Examples

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Using CBT in Groups

1. Introduce concept of brain power. Our brain is the

Command Center of entire body to include thoughts feelings & behaviors.2. Introduce CBT triangle. Our automatic thoughts create feelings and behaviors.

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3. Give concrete examples of how our thoughts effect our feelings and behaviors.Ask students for their own examples. Connect CBT to a real life situation withintheir experience.

I am going to fail

It is going to be terribleI won’t know anythingI will have to repeat the gradeI am stupid and a loserAsk: What feelings will these thoughts create? What behaviors?

Example: Automatic Thoughts on testing:

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CBT Simple Worksheet for Groups (ABC)4

. Students complete worksheet either individually, as a group or verbally. Leader calls out scenerios the students face. Such as, EOGs,

benchmark assessments, doing a class presentation, being home alone, being corrected by a teacher. For a test anxiety group, group leader can say different subjects such as p.e., music, recess, and so forth. It is important students say/write each area of worksheet so they understand the connection between thoughts, feelings, & behaviors.

Instructions

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1. Automatic Thought

2. Feelings

3. Scaling ( rating)

4. Behavior

Sample of a Simple CBT Worksheet ABC Formula

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Introducing CBT Critters and the Shadow5. Introduce students to some of the CBT critters. I suggest half one week and half the

following week. For example, Catastrophizing Cat

automatic thoughts might be ,” I will never get out of 3rd grade. I will be the oldest kid in my school in 3rd grade. I will just die if I don’t pass. If there is a question about place value I will totally bomb it.”

Leapfrog automatic thoughts might be “ I will never pass these stupid tests” ( predicting the future). Or “ My teacher probably wishes I wasn’t in her class”( mind reading).

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CBT Simple Worksheet for Groups (DEF)

D.E.F. deals with replacement thoughts or reframing. Teach students to examine the evidence for and against their automatic thought. What else

could this be? How might someone else view this situation? If a friend came to me about this situation, what would I tell them to do? Is this fact or opinion?

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CBT

Daily Log Thought Sample

1.

2.

3.

4. ______________________________________

____________________

______________________

5.

6.

_______________________________

ABC+ DEF

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CBT Daily Thought Log Sample

Thought Bubbles

Optional

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Zones of Regulation Index Card

7

. On an index card have students color in 5 zones ( blue, green, yellow, orange ,red). Number the zones between 1-10. At the top of the card have students write things they enjoy doing, that give them a sense of calm or fulfillment. When students have a CBTCritter automatic thought , they complete worksheet and practice what is on their card.

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Group Homework for CBT

8. Assign homework to group members:

Situation worksheet Thought bubblesPleasant activity scheduling Journaling ( write down fears, worries, etc.Practice index card strategies

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Anxiety by Paul Stallard materials/worksheets found at http://media.routledgeweb.com/pp/resources/CBTCHILD/worksheets.pdf* Pinterest: CBT

http://www.pinterest.com/marheinrichs/therapy-ideas-cbt/* The Beck Institute ( CBT)

*http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/CBT-AnimalsStories-and-Worksheets-to-Teach-Children-about-Cognitive-Distortions-1133066Resourceshttp://www.beckinstitute.org/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/CBT Animals by Closet Counselor

* S

ocial Thinking ( zones of regulation) www.socialthinking.com