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Atomic Bombs Atomic Bombs

Atomic Bombs - PowerPoint Presentation

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Atomic Bombs - PPT Presentation

By Sophia Bocast What are the Physics behind an Atomic Bomb The immense destructive power of atomic weapons derives from a sudden release of energy produced by splitting the nuclei of the fissile elements making up the bombs core The US developed two types of atomic bo ID: 464903

weapons nuclear bombs atomic nuclear weapons atomic bombs nations einstein boy dropped bomb albert world control signed war type www weapon uranium

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Slide1

Atomic Bombs

By Sophia BocastSlide2

What are the Physics behind an Atomic Bomb?

The immense destructive power of atomic weapons derives from a sudden release of energy produced by splitting the nuclei of the fissile elements making up the bombs' core. The U.S. developed two types of atomic bombs during the Second World War. The first,

Little Boy

, was a gun-type weapon with a

uranium

core. Little Boy was dropped on

Hiroshima

.

The second weapon, dropped on

Nagasaki

, was called

Fat Man

and was an implosion-type device with a

plutonium

core.

Little Boy and Fat Man

utilized different elements and completely separate methods of construction in order to function as nuclear weapons. Little Boy detonated due to a fission chain reaction involving the isotope U-235 of uranium, while Fat Man used plutoniums Pu-239 form.Slide3

Who is Considered the Father of the atomic age?

Albert Einstein-

E=Mc2 laid out the path for achieving nuclear fission—the chain-reaction splitting of atoms—in laboratory tests and recognizing the real-world potential for tiny masses of radioactive material to release massive amounts of energy. Einstein signed his name to a letter urging the president to support American research into "extremely powerful bombs of a new type" that might be built using fissionable uranium,,to address the threat of German nuclear weapons by launching the Americans' own atomic bomb program.

But the

e first working atomic bombs only became available for use in the summer of 1945, after the Germans had surrendered and World War II in Europe was over; a weapon built to stop Hitler thus ended up being dropped on the Japanese instead.Slide4

“In 1954

, the last year of Albert Einstein's life, he admitted to an old friend, "I made one great mistake in my life—when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atomic bombs be made; but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.”Slide5

Current State of Atomic Weapons..

Nine countries together possess more than 16,000 nuclear weapons. The United States and Russia maintain roughly 1,800 of their nuclear weapons on high-alert status – ready to be launched within minutes of a warning. Most are many times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on Japan in 1945. A single nuclear warhead, if detonated on a large city, could kill millions of people, with the effects persisting for decades. Five European nations host US nuclear weapons on their soil as part of a NATO nuclear-sharing arrangement, and roughly two dozen other nations claim to rely on US nuclear weapons for their security. Furthermore, there are now some 40 nations with nuclear power or research reactors capable of being diverted for weapons production. The spread of nuclear know-how has increased the risk that more nations will develop the bomb.Slide6

Nations with nuclear weapons

United States, Russia, Britain, France, China, Israel, India, Pakistan, North Korea

Nations hosting nuclear weapons

Belgium, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Turkey

Nations in nuclear alliances

Albania, Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, SpainSlide7

Are there restrictions on using Atomic bombs?

Because of the immense military power they can confer, the political control of nuclear weapons has been a key issue for as long as they (Nuclear Weapons) have existed; in most countries the use of nuclear force can only be authorized by the

head of government

or

head of state

.

In the late 1940s, lack of mutual trust was preventing the United States and the Soviet Union from making ground towards international arms control agreements. The

Russell–Einstein Manifesto

was issued in

London

on July 9, 1955 by

Bertrand Russell

in the midst of the Cold War. It highlighted the dangers posed by nuclear weapons and called for world leaders to seek peaceful resolutions to international conflict. The signatories included eleven pre-eminent intellectuals and scientists, including

Albert Einstein

, who signed it just days before his death on April 18, 1955.

Slide8

Works Cited

:

www.Atomicheritage.org

www.Shmoop.com/albert-einstein/atomic-bomb

www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nuclearweapon#government.control.and.law