PC Desktop Specs - PowerPoint Presentation

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PC Desktop Specs

Intel Core 2 Duo Processor E8400 (3GHz, 6M, 1333MHz FSB)Windows Vista Home Premium OS2GB, DDR2 Non-ECC SDRAM, 800MHz (2 DIMMS)160GB SATA 3GB/s256MB ATI RADEON HD 3450 (Dual DVI/VGA/1 TV-out)Optical Storage Device: DVD+/-RW3-Year Basic Limited Warranty and 3-Year Next Business Day Onsite Service (or comparable service)

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Hardware

– tiny electrical that can change between “on” and “off” millions of times per secondCurrently, can fit 3 million in less than half a centimeter.

Moore’s Law – the number

of that

can be packed onto a doubles about every 18 months (with the cost staying the same)In 1961 a chip had 4 In 1971 it had 2,300.In 1979 it had 30,000.In 1997 it had 7.5 million. In 2005, Intel’s Itanium chip had 1.7 billion This has enabled the industry to shrink the size and cost of things such as computers and cellphones while improving their performance. – a bunch of and on a single chip (usually made of )

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Hardware: The Basics

System: the basic unit of computingUses just two numbers: and All data and program instructions in the computer are represented as

:

each 0 or 1 is a : a group of 8 : ~1,000 (1,024) : ~1 million (1,048,576) : ~1 billion (1,073,741,824) : ~ 1 trillion (1,009,511,627,576) : ~ 1 quadrillion Exabyte: ~ 1 quintillion All the printed material in the world is ~ 5 exabytes3Slide4

Processing

The and (located on your ) works with to process data

:

Brain of the computerDoes all the (all the “thinking”)“Process,” or change, data into information – key part of processor : RAM, ROM, Cache, etc.Holds instructions that CPU will work onNote that this does not include the !!4Slide5

CPU

We often refer to as being “1.6 GHz ”Referring to of clock vibrations of crystal quartzLoosely refers to how one can be accomplishedOlder CPUs processing are in MegaHertz

1 MHz = 1 Million ticks per second

Current CPUs processing are in

GigaHertz1 GHz = 1 Billion ticks per secondThe faster a CPU runs, the more it consumes, and the more it generates5Slide6

Dual-Core

Two integrated into a single These 2 work together to improve performanceCan have more than twoE.g., core has 4Having 2 cores means we can processing speed without increasing requirement (and output)Problem- must be able to take instructions and divide them into 2 sets that can run in Can run two separate tasks

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Parts

of the CPU sizeThe number of

the

can process at any one timeA of data used by a computer system.The system handles this size of dataFor passing data around, it’s the size passed between the and It’s used to hold (so can’t be any bigger than a word in size) are used to locate data in 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit, 64 bit , etc.NOTE: if the uses 64 bit words, you want the to use 64-bit words as well. High-speed storage on the that temporarily store data during The is usually the size of the 7Slide8

Memory

Memory

:

Holds Software instructionsHolds Data before & after the processes it is and – needs – can jump right in and get the data it needs Makes it fast is All things being equal, to make your computer run faster, BUY MORE !!!!8Slide9

Types

of RAMDRAMSDRAM

SRAM

DDR-SDRAM

RDRAMDynamic RAM must be constantly refreshed by the CPU or it loses its contentsSynchronous Dynamic RAM is synchronized by the system clock and is much faster than DRAMStatic RAM is faster than DRAM and retains its contents without having to be refreshed by CPU (but is more expensive and larger)Double-data rate synchronous dynamic RAMPC600, PC700, and PC800, fastest throughput for memory9Slide10

Other Memory

Cannot be written on or erased without special equipmentLoaded at factory with fixed

instructions

Complementary Metal Oxide SemiconductorPowered by a batteryContains Nonvolatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed more than onceDoesn’t require a batteryUsed in newer PCs for instructions 10Slide11

The works much faster than So it could sit there waiting for information temporarily stores instructions and data that the uses frequently to speed up processing

Level

1 (L1)

is part of the Holds 8 to 256 kbHolds recently used data and instructionsFaster than Level 2 Level 2 (L2) is SRAM external Holds 64 kb to 2 Mb (usually 1 Mb)Holds data and instructions we think the will want next 11Slide12

Bus

Buses Transmit within the and between and other

components

–

data between and other main hardwareThe faster the , the faster the computerWider = faster32 bit FSB > 16 bit Higher frequency = faster400 MHz FSB > 300 MHz Connections between and internal Connects external devices to Different types of (different bus connections)e.g., USB Port 12Slide13

Sample Specifications

 Intel® Pentium® Dual-Core processor T2390 (1.86GHz, 1MB L2, 533MHz FSB)   4GB Dual Channel 667MHz DDR2 SDRAM.320GB configured with a single 5400 RPM SATA hard drive.8X Slot Load CD/DVD Writer (DVD+/-RW)6X Slot Load Blu

-ray/CD/DVD Combo Drive

High resolution, glossy LED widescreen 17.0 inch display (1440x900)

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Secondary StorageSlide15

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Secondary StorageHard DisksThin, rigid platters covered with a substance that allows data to be held in the form of

charge

The more platters there are, the higher the drive capacity

Store data in , , and Data read by Big that maps to Important data should always be backed up! , but many moving partsSlide16

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Secondary StorageHard Disks circuit that allows the to communicate with the

EIDE – Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics

Marketed

as , Fast ATA, Ultra ATA, ATA-2, ATA/100SCSI – Faster than EIDE controllersSlide17

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Optical Storage sData is written and read using Data stored in the form of

and

– Read Only Memory - recording only once – erasable, can record and erase data repeatedly - -style disk with extremely high capacityCan store more and , and store in Stores 4.7 or more GB is used for recording only onceDVD-RW, DVD-RAM, DVD+RW are reusable s drives can read ’s, but not always vice versa – next generation - 25 gigabytes Slide18

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Flash MemoryNonvolatile memory with But the electronics can Available as Flash

Insert these into a flash port of a camera, handheld PC,

smartphone, etc.Flash A finger-sized module of flash memoryPlugs into the of most PCs and Macintoshes