Question What was New France Where did it come from Where did it go Fact New France was a colonial territory that existed for more than 2 centuries At its peak it covered nearly a third of north America ID: 576344
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Slide1
The Founding of New FranceSlide2
Question
:
What was New France? Where did it come from? Where did it go?
Fact
:
New France, was a colonial territory that existed for more than 2 centuries.
At its peak, it covered nearly a third of north America
Today, it’s gone. But it’s legacy can still be seen and feltSlide3
Remember the Questions about Power
What kinds of power does each side have?
Who has more power?What is the result of the power imbalance?Was or could this power have been used responsibly?Slide4
Jacques CartierSlide5
After Cartier
70 years (1534 -1604)
Failed settlements
Limited fishing
Trading with Indigenous peoplesSlide6
“The Father of New France”
Samuel de Champlain
Soldier and sailor
Assistant to French nobility
BusinessmanGiven monopoly on fur trade in exchange for establishing a colonywikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Samuel_de_champlain.jpg
(Early 1600s)Slide7
Samuel
de Champlain
Export
English
Spanish
Dutch
Military Power
New World
FranceSlide8
Port Royal
(Established 1605)
Nova Scotia
Samuel de Champlain
Abandoned in 1607 (2 years later)Slide9
Samuel de Champlain
Steep cliffs made natural fortification
Quebec
(Established 1608)Slide10
Alliance with First Peoples
Quebec
Huron
Iroquois
Algonkian & Montagnais
St Lawrence RiverSlide11
Alliance with First Peoples
Trade/military alliance with Algonkians and Montagnais
Against Iroquois
Algonkians and Montagnais agreed not to trade with competitors
Samuel de ChamplainSlide12
Power Relationship
French
Algonkians & Montagnais
Access to furs
Knowledge for survival
Access to European goods / weaponsSlide13
Brain Break!Slide14
Conflict with First Peoples
In 1608 and 1609, Champlain joined raids against the Iroquois by the Algonkians and Montagnais
French firearms put Iroquois at disadvantage, despite the Iroquois being stronger militarily than the groups allied with ChamplainSlide15
Power Relationship
Iroquois
Algonkians & Montagnais
Very large powerful nation
Alliance of individual nationsBefore Champlain
Military advantage
After Champlain
Superior weapons
Monopoly on access to European goodsSlide16
Alliance with First Peoples
Quebec
Huron
Iroquois
Algonkian & Montagnais
St Lawrence RiverSlide17
The Huron Nation
Farmers who lived in settled communities
Lived in multi-family longhousesProduced agricultural surpluses
Also rivals of IroquoisSlide18
Vast trading networks with neighbors
Exchanged for furs or other goods
Huron TradeSlide19
Vast Huron trading network was very lucrative to Champlain
Champlain pursued a new alliance
Growing demand for beaver furs in Europe made this partnership very importantBy 1616, Huron trade became the leading source of furs for the French
The alliance with the Hurons
Samuel de ChamplainSlide20
“runners of the woods”
young French explorers who travelled deep into Indigenous territory
Lived with Indigenous peoplesIn 1615, Étienne Brûlé
and Champlain spent the winter in Huron Territory in “Huronia”
The
Coureurs de BoisSlide21
Relationship with Huron and company profits were growing
The Next 20 years
Samuel de ChamplainSlide22
Relationships with Algonkians and Montagnais were weakening
Settlement at Quebec was struggling
War between France and England in 1628. Quebec raided and under siege by EnglishQuebec and Champlain were capturedAlgonkians and Montagnais sided with the English
Peace treaty of 1632 returned Quebec to France
The Next 20 years - Challenges
Samuel de ChamplainSlide23
Champlain’s Legacy
Champlain died in 1635
Established what became Quebec city
The first European to explore and map the great lakes
Set-up multiple posts along the St. Lawrence river
His fur trading company continued to carry on after his death
Critically changed the balance of power in the region
Samuel de Champlain