finite and nonfinite verbs Grammar Toolkit Finite and nonfinite verbs Grammar Toolkit Finite and nonfinite verbs Verbs have different forms because an action such as ID: 219415
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Slide1
What arefinite and non-finite verbs?
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and non-finite verbs Slide2
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and
non-finite verbs Verbs have different forms because an action — such as dancing — can be described in different ways.
Zeke
is dancing
.
Zeke
dances
.
Zeke
danced
.
Zeke
has danced
.
Zeke
must dance
.
Zeke is going
to dance.
Zeke
will dance
.Slide3
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and
non-finite verbs
The main clause of a sentence
needs a
verb with
a subject and with a tense
, to locate the
action in time.
Tayla
danced
The
verb and subject make
sense
together.
A non-finite verb doesn’t have a subject or tense and cannot be the main verb in a clause.
to
danceThe verb
doesn’t make sense with a subject.TaylaSlide4
Grammar Toolkit
Finite and
non-finite verbs
There are two kinds of non-finite verbs: infinitives
and
participles. An infinitive
is
the
basic form of a
verb
—
the
verb
can’t get
any smaller.
look touch clean cook
to
An infinitive is often preceded by to.
to
to
toSlide5
Grammar Toolkit
Finite and
non-finite verbs
The present participle is the basic verb
plus
ing. It shows that an action is
occurring.
look
ing
touch
ing
clean
ing
cook
ing
This form of the verb can also be used as a noun, in which case it is called a
gerund
.Cooking is my favourite
hobby.It can also be used as an adjective, in which case it is called a
verbal adjective.I should open a cooking school!Slide6
Grammar Toolkit
Finite and
non-finite verbs
For most verbs, the past participle is the basic verb plus
ed
. It’s the same as the past tense of the verb and shows that an action has been completed.
look
ed
touch
ed
clean
ed
cook
ed
For some verbs with more than one syllable, the final consonant is doubled. Check a dictionary for the spelling of past participles.
prefer
red
travelled hiccup
pedSlide7
infinitive
to + infinitive
present participle
past participleskipto skipskippingskipped
fire
firefiring
paint
to
painted
adore
babble
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and
non-finite
verbs
Form the infinitives and participles of these verbs.
to
paint
to adore
to babble
painting
adoring
babbling
fired
adored
babbledSlide8
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and non-finite verbs
Verbs have different forms.
A finite verb is a verb with a subject and tense.
A non-finite verb doesn’t have a subject or tense and cannot be the main verb in a sentence.
Non-finite verbs are either:
- infinitives
(basic verb, often preceded by
to
)
- present participles (basic verb
+
ing
ending)- past participles (basic verb + ed ending).
Present participles can also act as nouns (gerunds) and adjectives (verbal adjectives).Slide9
Grammar Toolkit
Finite
and non-finite verbs
The End