Chapter 15 Heart Location Close Up of Heart Wall Cardiac Muscle Tissue Cardiac Muscle Tissue 2 Superior amp inferior Vena Cavae Delivers deoxygenated blood to R atrium from body Coronary sinus drains heart muscle veins ID: 1041595
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1. The Cardiovascular system: HeartChapter 15
2. Heart Location
3. Close Up of Heart Wall
4. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
5. Cardiac Muscle Tissue (2)
6. Superior & inferior Vena CavaeDelivers deoxygenated blood to R. atrium from bodyCoronary sinus drains heart muscle veinsR. Atrium R. Ventriclepumps through Pulmonary TrunkR & L pulmonary arteries lungsGreat Vessels Of Heart- Right
7. Pulmonary Veins from lungsoxygenated bloodL. atrium Left ventricleascending aorta bodyBetween pulmonary trunk & aortic arch is ligamentum arteriosumfetal ductus arteriosum remnantGreat Vessels Of Heart-Left
8. Figure 15.3a
9. Figure 15.3b
10. Heart Chambers & Valves
11. Valve Function and Structure
12. Figure 15.4c
13. Figure 15.4d
14. Blood Flow Through Heart
15. Blood Flow Through the Body (Circulatory System)
16. Interactions: Exploring the Functions of the Human Body 3.0: DistributionContents>> The Cardiovascular System>>Animation>>Cardiac Conduction
17. Depolarize spontaneouslysinoatrial node ~100times /minalso AV node ~40-60 times/minin ventricle ~20-35 /minFastest one run runs the heart = pacemaker Normally the sinoatrial nodePacemaker
18. Heart Conduction Pathway
19. Electrocardiogram
20. Interactions: Exploring the Functions of the Human Body 3.0:Distribution-Contents>> The Cardiovascular System>>Animation>>Cardiac Cycle
21. after T-wave ventricular diastoleVentricular pressure drops below atrial & AV valves open ventricular filling occursAfter P-wave atrial systoleFinishes filling ventricle (`25%)After QRS ventricular systolePressure pushes AV valves closedPushes semilunar valves open and ejection occursEjection until ventricle relaxes enough for arterial pressure to close semilunar valvesCardiac Cycle
22. How do we measure ECG externally? Disposable ECG Surface ElectrodesWebster, John G., Bioinstrumentation, Wiley 1st Ed., Ch 8, 2004
23. Einthoven’s TriangleWebster, John G., Bioinstrumentation, Wiley 1st Ed., Ch 8, 2004RALLRL
24. Webster, John G., Bioinstrumentation, Wiley 1st Ed., Ch 8, 2004ECG Machine Diagram
25. Conduction-to-Heart Pressure Cycle
26. Interactions: Exploring Functions of the Human Body 3.0:Distribution-Contents>> The Cardiovascular System>>Animations>>Cardiac Output
27. Cardiac Output (CO) = liters/min pumpedHeart Rate (HR) = beats/minute (bpm)Stroke volume (SV) = volume/beat CO = HR x SVFlow Terms
28. Degree of stretch = Frank-Starling lawIncrease diastolic Volume increases strength of contraction increased S.V.Increased venous return increased S.V.increased sympathetic activity High back pressure in artery decreased S.V.Slows semilunar valve openingControls- Stroke Volume (S.V.)
29. Pacemaker adjusted by nervesCardiovascular center in Medulla parasympathetic- ACh slowsVia vagus nerveSympathetic - norepinephrine speedsSensory input for control:baroreceptors (aortic arch & carotid sinus)- B.P.Chemoreceptors- O2, CO2, pHControls- Heart Rate
30. Hormones: Epinephrine & norepinephrine increase H.R.Thyroid hormones stimulate H.R.Called tachycardiaIonsIncreased Na+ or K+ decrease H.R. & contraction forceIncreased Ca2+ increases H.R. & contraction forceOther Controls
31. Figure 15.9
32. Aerobic exercise (longer than 20 min) strengthens cardiovascular systemWell trained athlete doubles maximum C.O.Resting C.O. about the same but resting H.R. decreasedExercise
33. Heart StructureTissueWallChambersValvesSupport VesselsHeart FunctionConductionContraction CycleCardiac OutputControlsEffect of Exercise This discussion fulfills some of the requirements for TCOs:1, 3, 4, 9Wrap Up!! What did we learn?