PPT-Genetic Drift, Bottleneck Effect and Founder Effect

Genetic Drift Genetic drift is random fluctuation in allele frequency between generations The effects of genetic drift are pronounced in small populations A Genetic Bottleneck is a Form of Genetic Drift. variation & the Founder Effect. LO: . how bottle necking and the founder effect alter genetic variation.. . All. Most. Some. What is the founder effect and how does it affect genetic diversity?. Changing Allele Frequencies. Evolution. Evolution is defined as a change in the inherited characteristics of biological . populations. over successive generations. . Microevolution involves the change in allele frequencies that occur over time . Genetic Variation . How can genetic diversity be increased?. How can genetic diversity be decreased?. List as many ways as you can think of. Learning Objectives. Understand what is meant by the ‘Founder effect’ and how it results in a loss of genetic diversity. Random change in allele frequencies from 1 generation to . the next.. Individuals who survive . & pass on their genes are not necessarily the “fittest” . Leads to a loss of genetic variation. two-channel. . inhomogeneous exclusion process. . . Introduction. Fig 1: Top - Translation by slow . codon. in protein synthesis (ref. [1]). Bottom – cars moving through a bottleneck on a highway. Natural Selection. Definition. : A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals . because. of those traits. Stresses from the environment creates situations where the organisms with a beneficial trait will survive and reproduce, those without will die off. weinberg. practice . Changes in allele frequencies. Turn in: Comparing AA WS and video notes. Homework. Chp. 20 reading and notes (Due Tuesday). Natural selection video and notes. Hardy-. weinberg. Genetic Drift. A . random. change in allele frequency.. (certain individuals leave more descendants than others, just by chance). Because of a random occurrence, the brown allele has become even more common. . Cause and Effect Essay Cause and Effect Essays A cause-effect essay serves one of two purposes 1. It shows the effects of a thing or event 2. It explains the causes of a thing or event Cause effect essays deal with the action/result relationship. They explain why things happen (causes) and what happens as a result (effects).  The change in allele frequencies in populations due to . chance. (not selection). . Can include the loss of alleles from the gene pool.. Genetic drift. The change in allele frequencies in populations due to . Part 2. Condition 5: . No. Natural Selection. Balanced polymorphism . occurs when natural selection favors heterozygous individuals in a population.. Heterozygotes are selected for by the environment.. Mannix 2018-2019 . Introduction . Population genetics is the study of change in the frequencies of alleles within a population. . 1 allele comes from mom and the other from dad. . 2 alleles together is called the genotype . Genetic Variation & the Founder Effect. Starter. How can genetic diversity be increased?. How can genetic diversity be decreased?. List as many ways as you can think of. Learning Objectives. Understand what is meant by the ‘Founder effect’ and how it results in a loss of genetic diversity. People have more . children. than are able to . survive. .. There are built-in population checks: . disease. , . famine. , and . war. .. Darwin based his theory on his own observations and the writings of Thomas Malthus..