PPT-Phylogeny & systematics

IB BIO II Van Roekel 41714 Use binomial nomenclature to name and classify organisms 1 st word refers to the genus 2 nd word to the species ie Homo Sapiens Carolus Carl Linnaeus consolidated and popularized binomial nomenclature. Phylogenies. The process of evolution produces a pattern of relationships between species. . As . lineages evolve and split and modifications are inherited, their evolutionary paths diverge. . This . Phylogeny. The evolutionary history of a species or group of species. . Convergent Evolution. A process in which species from different evolutionary branches may come to resemble each other if they live in similar environments and natural selection favored similar adaptions.. Molluscan Phylogeny 1307 Table 1 Previous Results on Molluscan Phylogeny on the Basis of Molecular Data NUMBER OF SEQUENCES AUTHOR(S) GENE OR PROTEIN Other Mol- Meta- lusca zoa TREE CONSTRUCTION METHO Systematics. Phylogeny. Phylon. = tribe, . geny. . = genesis or origin. The evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species.. Investigating the Tree of Life. Phylogeny: the evolutionary history of a species or group of species. Haeckel’s evolutionary trees are among the first attempts at phylogeny inference.. Darwin’s tree. Schools of thought. A. Evolutionary Taxonomy. The basic view was that the best way to reconstruct the phylogeny of a group is to spend a lifetime learning everything one can about the biology of the group.. Section 1.3. Learning Goals. We are exploring modern classification of species using phylogeny.. We are learning to use phylogenetic trees to identify common ancestors.. Modern Taxonomy. traditional classification grouped species according to morphology (body, shape, size and other structural features) . 植物型態 . Plant Morphology. 國立臺灣大學 森林環境暨資源學系 鍾國芳 . (. Kuo. -Fang Chung) . School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University. 【. 本著作除另有註明外，採取. Johanne Ahrenfeldt . PhD Student. Overview. What is Phylogeny? . How has it been used in the past?. Advantages of WGS based phylogeny. - Vibrio . cholerae. . case. BREAK. How are we using it?. CSI phylogeny & . 1. 2. What are the evolutionary relationships between a human, a mushroom, and a flower?. A phylogeny based on DNA data reveals that animals (including humans) and fungi (including mushrooms) are more closely related to each other than . Mayr - “the theory and practice of classifying organisms”. . . a. -Taxonomy – includes species descriptions, taxonomic keys, and diagnoses.. . b. -Taxonomy – includes identification of natural groups and biological classes.. . Streptomycetaceae. Alan Ward. Motivation. Streptomyces . taxonomy. 16S. Whole genome sequencing. A bigger 16S phylogeny. Where is the diversity. The type strains. 3 CREDITS HOURS ; 2 Hr– theory. . 3 Hr – Practical. m. a. . arkoh. (LECTURER). COURSE OUTLINE. SYSTEMATICS. PHYLOGENETICS OF INVERTEBRATES. INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS . Dr. Habibur Rahman, Associate Professor, J. N. College, Boko. Aims of Taxonomy. . To provide a convenient method of identification and communication.. . To provide classification which is based on natural affinities of organisms, as far as possible.. Phylogenetics. • . Phylogenetic. trees illustrate the. evolutionary relationships among groups . of organisms. , or among a family of . related nucleic . acid or protein . sequences. Each branch represents a new species which inherits many (primitive) traits from the ancestor but also has a new (derived) trait which appear for the 1.