stressed or accented syllable is uttered in a higher pitch or with greater emphasis than the other syllables around it Accentual Verse or Accentual Meter The rhythmical pattern is determined by the number of stressedaccented syllables beats in each line The total number of syllables p ID: 682815
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Slide1
Stress or Accent (Beat)
A
stressed
or
accented
syllable is uttered in a higher pitch or with greater emphasis than the other syllables around it.Slide2
Accentual Verse or Accentual Meter
The rhythmical pattern is determined by the number of stressed/accented syllables (beats) in each line. The total number of syllables per line varies.The accents or stresses are measured.Slide3
/ . . . /. . . . / . . ./
Star
light, Star
bright, (4 syllables). / . . . /. . . . . / . . ./First star I see tonight (6 syllables).. . / . . . /. . .. . . . / . . . ./I wish I may, I wish I might (8 syllables). . / . . . . . /. . . . . . / .. .. ./ Have the wish I wish tonight (7 syllables)
Another Example of Accentual VerseSlide4
Syllabic Meter or Syllabic Verse
In this line of poetry, the number of syllables is measured, but the number of
stresses
varies.Examples:*Dylan Thomas “Poem in October”*Thomas Nashe “In Time of Plague (Adieu, farewell, earth’s bliss)”*HaikuSlide5
Accentual-Syllabic Verse or Meter
Determined by the number and alternation of stressed & unstressed syllables which are organized into feet. The total number of syllables in a line is fixed or set.
Syllables
and Stresses are both measured.from William Wordsworth's “Daffodils”For oft, / when on/ my couch / I lieIn va/cant or/ in pen/sive mood,They flash / upon / that in/ward eyeWhich is/ the bliss / of sol/itude;And then / my heart / with plea/sure fills,And dan/ces with / the daf/fodils. This is iambic (da DUM) tetrameter (line of 4 feet). Also, each line has eight syllables.Slide6
Types of Feet
iamb: 2 syllables; first unstressed, second stressed da DUM (iambic)
unite providetrochee: 2 syllables; first stressed, second unstressed DUM da (trochaic) garden highwayspondee: 2 syllables; both stressed (a bit rare) DUM DUM (spondaic) hog-wild downtowndactyl: 3 syllables; first stressed, second & third unstressedDUM da da (dactylic) poetry basketballanapest: 3 syllables; first & second unstressed, third stressedda da DUM (anapestic) underfoot overcomeSlide7
IAMB – da DUM – two syllables, first unstressed, second stressed
Example of iamb from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18:
So LONG / as MEN / can BREATHE / or EYES / can SEE,
So LONG / lives THIS / and THIS / gives LIFE / to THEE.Slide8
TROCHEE – DUM da – two syllables, first stressed, second unstressed
Example of trochee from William Shakespeare’s Macbeth:
DOU-
ble, / DOU-ble / TOIL and / TROU-ble;FI-re / BURN, and / CAL-dron / BUB-ble.Slide9
DACTYL – DUM da
da – three syllables, first stressed, last two unstressed
Example of dactyl (and spondee) from Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s “Evangeline”
DIS-tant, se-CLUD-ed, still, THE lit-tle VIL-lage of GRAND-PREWEST and south, THERE were fields, OF flax and OR-chards and CORN-FIELDS(four dactyls and one spondee)Slide10
ANAPEST – da
da DUM – three syllables, first two unstressed, last one stressed
Example of anapest from Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee”
For the MOON/ never BEAMS,/ without BRING/ing me DREAMS/Of the BEAU/tiful ANN/abel LEE;/And the STARS/ never RISE,/ but I FEEL/ the bright EYES/Of the BEAU/tiful ANN/abel LEE;/Two more types of feet:cretic: DUM da DUM – three syllables; 1. stressed, 2. unstressed, 3. stressedpyrrhic: da da – two syllables, both unstressedSlide11
Types of Meter
monometer: 1 foot in the line of poetry
dimeter
: 2 feet in the line of poetry trimeter: 3 feet tetrameter: 4 feet pentameter: 5 feethexameter: 6 feet (most often dactylic feet)heptameter: 7 feetoctameter: 8 feetan iambic hexameter is called “ALEXANDRINE”da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUMSlide12
Monometer (one beat per line)
“Fleas”
Adam
Had ‘em.Slide13
Dimeter
(two beats)“The Bridge of Sighs”
Thomas Hood
Take her up tenderly,Lift her with care,Fashioned so slenderly, Young and so fair.Slide14
Trimeter
(three beats)“The Tower”
W.B. Yeats
It is time that I wrote my will; I choose upstanding menThat climb the streams untilThe fountain leap, and at dawnDrop their cast at the sideOf dripping stone; I declareThey shall inherit my pride.Slide15
Tetrameter (four beats)
“Stopping by Woods”Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know
His house is in the village though,He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.Slide16
Pentameter (five beats)
“Tithonus
”
Alfred, Lord TennysonThe woods decay, the woods decay and fall,The vapours weep their burthens to the ground,Man comes and tills the soil and lies beneath,And after many a summer dies the swan.Slide17
Hexameter (six beats)
“The Lake Isle of Innisfree
”
W.B. YeatsI will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made.Slide18
YES
by Muriel Rukeyser
Some go local
Some go expressSome can't waitTo answer yes.Some complainOf strain and stressTheir answer may beNo for Yes.Some like failureSome like success Some like Yes YesYes Yes YesOpen your eyes,Dream but don't guess.Your biggest surpriseComes after Yes.