Terms Acacia (Golden Wattle) - PowerPoint Presentation

Terms

Acacia (Golden Wattle) (Acacia pycnantha)DescriptionPhyllodes: modified petioles (parallel veins)EvergreenFruitLegumeFlower YellowLocationAustraliaChemicalTanninsUsesPerfumeFamily Fabaceae (pea family)

Beavertail Cactus (Opuntia basilaris)DescriptionLeaves modified into GlochidsStems modified as ChladophyllsFruit: fleshy red fruit (pear) Flower: Yellow to redLocation: SW United StatesChemicalnoneUseCan be eatenFamily: Cactaceae

Bladderpod (Isomeris arborea)DescriptionCompound leaves with 3 leaflets Leaves alternateEvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: Yellow Location: Endemic to CaliforniaDesert RegionsChemicalStrong odor to reduce predationUsesNoneFamily Capparaceae

Brazilian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius)DescriptionPinnately Compound leaves Leaves alternateEvergreenFruit: Drupe Flower: small white Location: Tropical and subtropical South AmericaChemicalAromatic sap that may burnMay act as a narcotic on birds who eat berriesUsesOrnamentalFamilyAnacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Black Sage (Salvia mellifera)DescriptionSimple leaves with small hairsDrought DeciduousFruit: SchizocarpFlower: blue or lavender in stacked balls Location: CSS & Chaparral ChemicalDiterpenoids used as pain relieversUseRub on sore feetChumash brewed as sun teaNectar used to make honeyFamilyLamiaceae (Mint family)

Bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus)DescriptionTriangular leafSedge-likeFruit: grainFlower: brown or tan panicle inflorescenceLocation: Indicator of Freshwater in North and South AmericaChemicalnoneUseUsed by Native Americans to make baskets, rope, canoesFamilyCyperaceae

California Buckeye (Aesculus californica)DescriptionPalmately Compound with five leafletsDeciduousFruit: CapsuleFlower: Large white to pink Location: only Buckeye endemic to CaliforniaChemicalneurotoxic glycoside aesculin, which causes hemolysis of red blood cells.UseUsed by Native Americans to kill fishToxic to honeybeesFamilySapindaceae

California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum)DescriptionLeaves in clustersEvergreenFruit: GrainFlower: white or brown clustersLocation: Southwestern United States – CCS and Chaparral ChemicalNoneUsetreatment of headache, diarrhea, and woundsGood for heartErosion controlSource of food for honeybees in summer monthsFamilyPolygonaceae

California Redbud (Cercis occidentalis)DescriptionSimple heart-shaped leavesDeciduousFruit: LegumeFlower: Large Pink or red Location: Western United StatesChemicalNoneUseWood VeneerErosion controlRed bark used for basketsFamilyFabeaceae (Pea family)

California Sagebrush (Artemisia californica)DescriptionSlender flexible stems with thin pinnate leavesEvergreenFruit: acheneFlower: narrow inflorescence which are yellowishLocation: Native to California and Baja in CSS and Chaparral ChemicalTerpenes to reduce competition and predationUseErosion controlReduce digestive issuesFamilyAsteraceae (Sunflower family)

Caster Bean (Ricinus communis)DescriptionPalmate alternate LeavesEvergreenFruit: Spiny capsule (not a true bean)Flower: panicle-like inflorescence which are reddish in colorLocation: Native to California and Baja in CSS and Chaparral ChemicalRicin (deadly)UseSource of Caster Oil used for digestive cleansinglubricantFamilyEuphorbiaceae

Catalina Cherry (Prunus ilicifolia)DescriptionSimple toothed alternating leaves (vary)EvergreenFruit: Drupe with large pitFlower: small white Location: Native to California and Baja in CSS and Chaparral ChemicalTanninsUseNative Americans made a fermented drinkFamilyRosaceae (Rose Family)

Catalina Ironwood (Lyonothamnus floribundus)DescriptionCompound Leaves (fernlike)EvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: Cream Location: Endemic to Catalina Island ChemicalNoneUseOrnamental but seeds not very viableFamilyRosaceae (Rose family)

Cattail (Typha sp.)DescriptionFlat simple leafEvergreenFruit: nutFlower: Dense Brown Spike (wind dispersed)Location: Indicator of fresh water in Northern Hemisphere ChemicalNoneUseRhizomes are edibleFamilyTyphaceae

Ceonothus (Mt. Lilac)(Ceonothus sp.)DescriptionSimple leaf with three prominent veinsEvergreenFruit: CapsuleFlower: Blue Location: Endemic to California in chaparral ChemicalNoneUseEaten by DeerUsed for teasBasketsFamilyRhamnaceae

Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia)DescriptionSimple convex leaves with dentate marginsHairs in axils in leavesEvergreenNo undergrowth due to shade and Tannins Fruit: NutFlower: CatkinsLocation: Coast of CaliforniaChemicalTanninsUseFoodCharcoalFamilyFagaceae

Coffee Berry (Rhamnus californica)DescriptionSimple, reddish bark on stemsEvergreenFruit: DrupeFlower: Greenish LocationSouthwestern United States, ChaparralChemicalnoneUsesOrnamental not as well liked by deerErosion controlHeal burns and rashed Used as laxative Family: Rhamnaceae

Coyote Bush (Baccharis pilularis)DescriptionSimple leaves that are often stickyVarious shapes determined by locationLarge root systemFruit: AchenesFlower: small white or yellow LocationSouthwestern United States, ChaparralChemicalOils to prevent predationUses Secondary pioneer plant Family Asteraceae (Sunflower family)

Elderberry (Sambucus sp.)DescriptionPinnately compound leaves with 5-9 leafletsDeciduousFruit: True berry Flower: Yellow in a umbella structureLocationTemperate to subtropical regions of the world mostly Northern hemisphereChemicalnone Uses Wine Syrup Family Adoxaceae

Encelia or Brittlebush(Encelia sp.)DescriptionWhite leavesEvergreenFruit: Acene Flower: Yellow LocationU.S. DesertChemicalnoneUsesGlue, Sealer, Gum, IncenseTreat toothaches Family Asteraceae (Sunflower family)

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.)Description700 speciesAlternate simple leavesEvergreenGum TreesPeeling barkFruit: Capsule Flower: vary in color with an operculumLocationAustraliaChemicalTerpenoids (aromatic)UsesPlanted to lower the water table Make pulp for paper Antiseptic Food additives Insect repellent Family Myrtaceae

Flannel Bush (Fremontodendron sp.)DescriptionSimple 3-lobed leavesEvergreenFuzzy texture – modified hairs called trichomesFruit: CapsuleFlower: Large yellowish orange Flowers Location: Southwest U.S. and MexicoChemicalNoneUseWater conservation gardensFamilyMalvaceae

Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii)DescriptionSimple leaf with long flattened petioleDeciduousFruit: AcheneFlower: CatkinsLocation: Southwest U.S. and Northern Mexico in riparian areas ChemicalNoneUseErosion controlFuel and fence postsFamilySalicaceae

Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginicus)DescriptionSimple leaf with long flattened petioleDeciduousFruit: DrupeFlower: Larger whiteLocation: Eastern U.S. ChemicalNoneUseDried bark and roots used to treat inflammationCrushed bark used to treat sores and woundsFamilyOleaceae

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)DescriptionSimple leaf which is fan shapedDeciduousFruit: NoneFlower: NoneLocation: China ChemicalButyric AcidUseDecorative – only males planted in this countryFamilyGinkgoaceae

Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)DescriptionSimple leaf with crinkled appearanceFruit: Berry Flower: White clusters on stem Location: Europe, Africa and AsiaChemicalEssential oilsUseAntimicrobial and anticancer propertiesCandyGrasshopper repellentInvasive Weed Family Laminaceae (Mint family)

Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens)DescriptionScaled leaves in flat spraysBranches FlexibleFruit: None Flower: NoneLocation: North AmericaChemicalNoneUsePencilsLight firesFamily Cupressaceae

Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja sp.)DescriptionClover like leavesFruit: Capsule Flower: red, orange to yellow (bracts)Location: North America ChemicalNoneUseEaten as greensHairwashDyeFamilyOrobanchaceae

Jacaranda (Jacaranda sp.)DescriptionDoubly compound leavesFruit: Capsule Flower: Purple – often stickyLocation: Central and South America ChemicalNoneUseOrnamental plantsAcoustic guitarsFamilyBignoniaceae

Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium)DescriptionLarge simple toothed leavesFruit: Capsule Flower: Large white to purple Location: AmericasChemicalAtropineUseRelieve asthma symptomshallucinogenFamilySolanaceae

Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis)DescriptionSimple leaves that stand erectFruit: Capsule Flower: small greenish yellow Location: North AmericaChemicalOil (liquid wax ester)UseLaxativeSalveBiodiesel fuelCosmetics Family Simmondsiaceae

Laurel Sumac (Malosma laurina)DescriptionLarge Simple Leaves with reddish edgesFruit: Drupe Flower: Small white Location: Southern California, CSS and Chaparral ChemicalVolatile compoundsUseTea for dysenteryCrown sproutingFire adaptedFamily Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Lemonade Berry (Rhus integrifolia)DescriptionLarge Simple and alternatingEvergreenReddish twigsFruit: Berry Flower: Small rosy pinkLocation: Southern California, Chaparral ChemicalTanninsUseLemonade like drinkMake candles Family Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Liquid Amber (Lizuidamber styraciflua)DescriptionLarge Simple and palmateDeciduousFruit: Woody Capsule Flower: greenish Location: Southwestern U.S.ChemicalStyrax –UsePlywood, furniture, cabinetsChewing gum Family Altingiaceae

Mesquite (Prosopis sp.)DescriptionDeciduousDoubly pinnate compound leavesLong Taproot (up to 200 ft)Thorns Fruit: LegumeFlower: Catkins with pale green or yellow flowersLocation: Southern DesertsChemicalNoneUse Food (flour)Furniture Barbecues Family Fabaceae (Pea family)

Mulefat (Baccharis salicifolia.)DescriptionSimple LeavesSticky foliageFruit: small achene Flower: small fuzzy pink or red-tinged white flowersLocation: Southwest United States CSS and Chaparral and desertsChemicalNoneUse Erosion controlFamily Asteraceaea (Sunflower family)

Mustard (Bassica sp.)DescriptionAnnualFruit: SilqueFlower: Yellow Location: Native to Mediterranean EuropeChemicalNoneUse Pioneer plant (indicator of distrubance)Cooking oilSpiceHigh in Vitamin C Family Brassicaceae (Mustard family)

Palm Tree (Washingtonia sp.)DescriptionEvergreenSkirtNear water (Oasis)Fruit: DrupeFlower: small and insignificant Location: CaliforniaMexicoChemicalNoneUse FoodBasketsThatch Roofs Family Arecaceae

Palo Verde (Parkinsonia microphylla)DescriptionGreen barkSmall leaves that are drought deciduousFruit: Legume Flower: pale yellowLocation: Mojave Desert, Sonoran DesertChemicalNoneUse Food (flour)Family Fabaceae (Pea family)

Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana)DescriptionTall grass with leaves that cut when going toward center of plantFruit: GrainFlower: dense white panicles Location: Southern South AmericaChemicalNoneUse Flower arrangementsFamilyPoaceaea ( G rass family)

Pine Tree (Pinus sp.)DescriptionLeaves are needles grouped into fasciclesBranches flexibleFruit: None Flower: NoneLocation: WorldwideChemicalNoneUse woodFurniture, floorsFamily Pinaceae

Sago Palm (Cycas Revoluta)DescriptionPalm-likeFruit: NoneFlower: None Location: Old WorldChemicalAlkaloids, tannins, steroidsUse OrnamentalFamilyCycadaceae

Southern Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)DescriptionCompound leavesDeciduousSlight odor Fruit: DrupeFlower: green catkinsLocation: New WorldChemicalNoneUseFlooring, furnitureFood Family Juglandaceae

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)DescriptionThick Waxy Leaves – rusty pubescence underneathFruit: FollicleFlower: Large WhiteLocation: Southeastern U.S. ChemicalNoneUse OrnamentalMake furniture, pallets and veneerFamilyMagnoliaceae

Sugar Bush (Rhus Ovata)DescriptionLarge simple leaves with reddish twigs Ovate leaves that are folded along the midribFruit: drupe Flower: small, pinkLocation: Southern California in chaparral.ChemicalTanninsUse Ornamental Family Anacardiaceae (Sumac family)

Sweet Bay (Laurus sp.)DescriptionGlossy simple leavesEvergreenFruit: True berryFlower: Pale yellow greenLocation: Native to Mediterranean climate ChemicalCineole oilUseAstringentOlympic WreathsCooking (spices)FamilyLauraceae

Toyon (Heteromeles (Photonia) arbutifolia)DescriptionChristmas BerrySimple leaf - dentate EvergreenFruit: pomeFlower: small, whiteLocation: Southern California in chaparral and CSS.ChemicalTanninsGlycocides Use Ornamental Jelly from fruit Tea for stomach ailments Family Rosaceae (Rose family)

Tree Tobacco (Nicotiana glauca)DescriptionHeart shaped leavesFruit: Capsule Flower: Yellow tubularLocation: South AmericaChemicalNicotineUseSmokedTreat swelling and bruisesBiofuel Family Solanaceae

Western Sycamore (Plananus racemosa)DescriptionLarge palmate leaves that are pubescentDeciduousPeeling Bark Fruit: acheneFlower: inflorescence Location: California and BajaChemicalNoneUseOrnamental Family Platanaceae

White Alder (Alnus rhombifolia)DescriptionSimple alternate leaves with serrate margins DeciduousBark with “eyes” Fruit: Strobili (females)Flower: Catkins (male) Location: California and BajaChemicalNone Use Ornamental Family Betulaceae

White Ash (Fraxinus americana)DescriptionCompound leaves that are made of 5-9 leafletsLeaves are oppositeDeciduousFruit: SamaraLocation: Eastern North America Moist habitatsChemicalNoneUsesBaseball bats, oars, flooring, tool handlesFamily: Oleaceae

White Sage (Salvia apiana)DescriptionLarge white leaves with an odorFruit: AcheneFlower : white to lavender Location: CSS and Chaparral of southwestern U.S.ChemicalTerpenes to reduce competition and predationUseFood (Pinole) Family Lamiaceae (Mint family)

Wild Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum)DescriptionAnnualSmall simple leavesInvasive species Fruit: SilquesFlower: white to lavender Location: Native to AsiaChemicalNone Use Food Family Brassicaeae (Mustard family)

Willow (Salix sp.)DescriptionNarrow simple leavesUsually DeciduousMoist soilsFruit: capsule Flower: catkins Location: Northern hemisphereChemicalSalicylic AcidUseAspirin Family Salicaceae

Mustard (Brassicaceae)           Cactus (Cactaceae)     Mint (Lamiaceae)           Rose (Rosaceae)     Pea (Fabaceae)             Sumac (Anacardiaceae)     Sunflower (Asteraceae)             Grass (Poaceae)     Plant families