Weighs about 3 pounds M ajor portions Cerebrum Diencephalon Cerebellum Brainstem Made of about 100 billion neurons The Amazing Brain Cerebrum Largest portion Higher mental functions Diencephalon ID: 548140
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Slide1
The Amazing Brain
Weighs about 3 pounds
Major portions:CerebrumDiencephalonCerebellumBrainstemMade of about 100 billion neuronsSlide2
The Amazing Brain
Cerebrum
Largest portionHigher mental functionsDiencephalonProcesses sensory inputBrain Stem
Coordinates and regulates visceral activities
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscle movementsSlide3
Cerebrum
Largest portion
2 cerebral hemispheresconnected by CORPUS CALLOSUMMany convolutions to increase surface areaSlide4
Cerebrum
Divided into lobes
Frontal lobeParietal lobeTemporal lobeOccipital lobeSlide5
Cerebrum
Performs
higher brain functionsInterpreting sensory infoCoordinating muscle movementIntelligence & personalitySlide6
Cerebrum
Special areas control different functions
Primary Motor Area (Frontal Lobe)Controls motor impulsesFrontal Association Area (Frontal Lobe)Thinking, planning, emotions, behaviorSlide7
Cerebrum
C. Premotor Area (Frontal Lobe)Behavior planningMuscle movement for various actionsD. Frontal Eye Field (Frontal Lobe)
Coordinates voluntary eye movementsSlide8
Cerebrum
E. General Interpretive Area
a.k.a. Wernicke’s Area (Temporal Lobe)Recognition of written and spoken languageF.
Broca’s
area
(Temporal Lobe)
Coordinates muscles that create speechSlide9
Cerebrum
G.
Somatosensory area (Parietal Lobe)Limb position, touch sensationsH. Visual Area (Occipital Lobe)Sight
Identification of things we seeSlide10Slide11
Hemisphere Dominance
Both cerebral hemispheres function in receiving and analyzing sensory input and sending motor impulses to the opposite side of the body.
Most people exhibit hemisphere dominance for the language-related activities of speech, writing, and reading.Slide12
Hemisphere Dominance
90% of the population exhibits left hemisphere dominance
Some are right hemisphere dominantSome have equal dominance in both hemispheresThe non-dominant hemisphere specializes in nonverbal functions and controls emotions and intuitive thinking.Slide13Slide14Slide15
Frontal Lobe
Higher
level functions: emotions, reasoning, problem solving, judgment, movement, creativityParietal LobeSomatosensory Info: touch, pain, taste, pressureTemporal LobeHearing and languageOccipital LobeVisionSlide16
Ventricles
Interconnected cavities w/in cerebrum & brainstem
Filled with CSFSlide17
Diencephalon
Area between cerebral hemispheres
ThalamusHypothalamusLimbic SystemGlandsSlide18
Diencephalon
Thalamus
= SwitchboardDirects impulses from spinal cord to correct location in brainSlide19
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus:
Heart rate & blood pressure Body temp. Water/salt balance Hunger/weight Movements & secretions ofstomach & intestines Hormone secretion Sleep & wakefulnessSlide20
Diencephalon
LIMBIC SYSTEM
–emotions & expressionAMYGDALARecognizes facial expressionsAssesses situation and respondsPrimitive decision-making centerEmotionsSlide21
Diencephalon
LIMBIC SYSTEM
HIPPOCAMPUSMemorySpatial navigationSlide22
Brainstem
Connects cerebrum
& spinal cord Parts:Pons- breathing rateMedulla Oblongata-Heart rate, BP, Sneezing, coughing,vomitting
Slide23
Cerebellum
coordinates
skeletal muscle activity balanceequilibrium
maintains posture