What happens to rainwater after it reaches the Earths surface Storage Evaporation and Transpiration Evapotranspiration Runoff Whats it called when water is absorbed by the ground What happens to water after it infiltrates the ground ID: 317265
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Slide1Slide2
Brain pop
What happens to rainwater after it reaches the Earth’s surface?Slide3
StorageSlide4
Evaporation and Transpiration
(Evapotranspiration)Slide5
RunoffSlide6
What’s it called when water is absorbed by the ground?Slide7
What happens to water after it infiltrates the ground?Slide8
Water occupies distinct zonesSlide9Slide10Slide11
What do you need for infiltration to occur? Slide12
Think about factors that will allow water to INFILTRATESlide13Slide14Slide15Slide16
Factors that Affect Infiltration
Permeable
Unsaturated
Gentle (flat) slope of land
Vegetation
Land Use
Rate of precipitation less than InfiltrationSlide17
Factors that affect runoffSlide18
The ground must be porous and permeableSlide19
What happens to water after it infiltrates the ground? Slide20
Water occupies distinct zonesSlide21
Water occupies distinct zonesSlide22
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/groundwater/index.html
water table animationSlide23
Where does our drinking water come fromSlide24Slide25Slide26Slide27Slide28Slide29
We get our water from water towers.
New York City gets their water from upstate reservoirs
People
Drill wells for drinking water
Is ground water good to drink? YES because it is filtered as it sinks down.
Wells are drilled deep enough to reach water this varies throughout.
Remember the water table rises and falls. Slide30
Wells are drilled deep enough to reach water this varies throughout.
Remember the water table rises and falls.
What if it runs dry? Dig deeper or use less water. Slide31
Streams and Groundwater
Ever wonder why many streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes always have water in them even during dry periods? Where is the water coming from?
Slide32
Because streams get water from the underground when it’s moist. Slide33
?
Excess water called? Slide34
Surplus: Excess amount of water flow. When?Slide35
Little or no waterSlide36
Deficit: Decrease in water flow. When does this occur?Slide37
Discharge: Amount of water in a body of water, rises and falls. Slide38Slide39
Where does the water go from runoff and small streams? Slide40
WATERSHED/ drainage Basin
.Slide41Slide42Slide43
If it rains in Utica, into which body of water will the runoff flow into?
How about Massena Slide44
WATERSHED/ drainage Basin
.Slide45
Location A is in the zone of ___________?
While location B is in the zone of ______?
A
BSlide46
How did the water get from A to B?
What characteristics of the soil allowed the water to move down?
When is the water able to infiltrate the soil?Slide47
The soil must have poresSlide48
When is the water able to infiltrate the soil?Slide49
The movement of water is controlled by the characteristics of the soilSlide50
PorositySlide51
Which one has more pore spaces?Slide52
Which one has bigger pore spaces?Slide53Slide54
When is water able to infiltrate the soil?
Water is able to infiltrate when there are many openings or PORES.
Which one has more pore spaces?
Which ones are bigger?
Porosity determines how much water or air a rock can hold. Slide55
Factors that affect porosity
Now which one has
more pore spaces?
Slide56
The porosity of loose material such as soil depends on several things.
shape
uniformity of sizes
packing
The best particles are round, same size (well sorted), and loosely packedSlide57
So what type of soil does
not
have good porosity? Slide58
Flat
Different sizes
Tightly packedSlide59
Important:
Grain size has no effect on porosity as long as the shape is the same and size is uniform.Slide60
Permeability:
Speed at which water flows through soil. This increases with bigger pore spaces
Here size does matter, bigger is better. Slide61
Which one has greater permeabilitySlide62
If you had a well what size particles would you want in your backyard to increase permeability?
Which size would you not want? Slide63
http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module06/Percolation.html
permeability demoSlide64
Capillarity
is the ability of water to move upward into tiny spaces between soil.
Water is able to move upward because of the attraction between water molecules and the surfaces of the soil particles.
This works best with small particles because there is more surface area to attach to. Slide65Slide66Slide67
Capillarity
is the ability of water to move upward into tiny spaces between soil.
Water is able to move upward because of the attraction between water molecules and the surfaces of the soil particles.
This works best with small particles because there is more surface area to attach to. Slide68
Which one has the greatest capillarity, permeability, Porosity? Runoff? Infiltration
Slide69Slide70Slide71Slide72
MonsoonsSlide73
MonsoonsSlide74
Monsoons: Seasonal WindsSlide75
MonsoonsSlide76Slide77
During what time of year does this occur?Slide78Slide79
El Nino/La Nina:
2048 × 1536 - barjackfishing.comSlide80
Name the Ocean Current located hereSlide81Slide82
http://esminfo.prenhall.com/science/geoanimations/animations/26_NinoNina.html
el
nino
animationSlide83Slide84
Under Normal conditions, in the Pacific, cold water
up-wells
from the deep along the coast of south America.
Slide85
During the winter around Christmas, there is a warm ocean current from the equator that invades and warms the
water off S.A.
for a month of so. Slide86Slide87Slide88Slide89Slide90
http://esminfo.prenhall.com/science/geoanimations/animations/26_NinoNina.html
el
nino
animationSlide91
List some
factors that affect the climate of an area
Graph themSlide92Slide93
Which City would have a cooler winter? Which would have a warmer summer? Why
B.
A
.Slide94
What latitudes worldwide experience a mostly wet climate? Why?Slide95
Planetary Winds:
Prevailing winds and rising air currents
Slide96Slide97Slide98Slide99Slide100Slide101
El Nino or Normal conditions? Slide102
Water occupies distinct zonesSlide103Slide104Slide105Slide106Slide107Slide108Slide109Slide110Slide111Slide112Slide113Slide114Slide115Slide116Slide117