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Teaching pupils how to spot Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) and grooming

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Debs WardSlide2

This is a hidden crime with shocking facts and statistics.Over 2,400 children were victims of sexual exploitation in gangs and groups from August 2010 to October 2011.Source: Berelowitz, S. et al (2012) “I thought I was the only one. The only one in the world.”

The Office of the Children’s Commissioner’s inquiry in to child sexual exploitation in gangs and groups: interim report London: Office of the Children’s Commissioner

152 children we trafficked for sexual exploitation last year.

Source:

Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) and UK Human Trafficking Centre (UKHTC)2013The most common reasons for children to be trafficked are sexual exploitation and criminal exploitation. Source: Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) and UK Human Trafficking Centre (UKHTC) 2013.1 in 5 indecent images of children shared online were taken by the child themselves.Source: CEOP (2013) Threat assessment of child sexual exploitation and abuse.Between 1997 to 2013 it is estimated that 1400 children were sexually exploited in Rotherham although the true scale is really not known. Slide3

What is CSE?Child sexual exploitation is a type of sexual abuse in which children are sexually exploited for money, power, control and status.It is a complex form of abuse and can appear in many different forms.Full definition can be found in The National Action Plan for Tackling Child Sexual Exploitation; DfE 2011.Slide4

GroomingMost adults know what the grooming process involves but have we ever taught our children and young people about the process?Have we taught them to look for the signs?Statistics show that many children and young people don’t know this information and are not able to recognise that they have been a victim of grooming.Slide5

Preventative educationPREVENTION IS THE KEY – THE EARLIER YOU CAN DO THE PREVENTATIVE WORK THE BETTER THE RESULTS IN LATER LIFEThe National Action Plan for Tackling Child Sexual Exploitation 2011 and the DCSF 2009 guidance on Safeguarding Children and Young People from Sexual Exploitation both highlight that schools have a responsibility to address this issue. The first step identified in the plan is to raise awareness of CSE. A constant message from CEOP and other organisations is to ensure that children and young people are educated in how to keep themselves safe and protected from on-line grooming and CSE. Slide6

What can schools do? The proactive approachA curriculum must be in place which develops pupils’ knowledge and skills that they need to make safe and healthy relationships. For secondary aged pupils this needs to include the features of exploitative relationships, the signs and risk taking behaviours. Providing opportunities for pupils to explore what safe and healthy relationships look like, how to identify and manage possible harmful risks, how to keep themselves safe and how to seek help. Through the use of effective, age appropriate materials which are tailored to meet the needs of the children.Display posters and leaflets advertising organisations and services who will listen to, and help them with this issue.Slide7

What can schools do? The proactive approachEnsure that staff training needs are identified and met in this area. We cannot deliver high quality and effective PSH education if our staff are not confidence and knowledgeable to deliver such a sensitive subject. Ensure that relevant policies such as e-safety, anti-bullying, child protection promote healthy relationships and foster a listening and safe learning environment.The PSHE Association website is a great place to start if you need to re-visit your PSHE curriculum and check that you have a high quality, age appropriate education for your pupils, including SRE. Slide8

The process of groomingIt may be a phased or gradual process leading up to sexual exploitation.Initial contact is made with the victim either directly or through a friend or sibling. The groomer gradually builds up the trust and loyalty of the child or Young Person. They are attentive to the child or young person often showing them understanding giving them advice and support.They will give them gifts such as phones, top up cards, jewellery, trendy trainers, money, alcohol and drugs.The groomer will often take the victim out on trips, rides in the car, overnight stays at hotels and a sexual relationship is encouraged.They then take control when reluctance is shown by the victim to participate in sexual activity.Slide9

Grooming in the real worldThe groomer often appears as an exciting and mature person. They offer access to a ‘party lifestyle’ hanging out with ‘cool’ people and given access to drink and drugs. Initially it’s an exciting environment where the victims are encouraged to do things that adults wouldn’t normally allow. They appear generous giving the victim gifts such as top ups for mobile phones, money and new clothes. It is important to recognise that the perpetrators of grooming are usually adults but maybe another child or group of children who target a peer, befriend them and then introduce them to one (or more) older men.Slide10

Grooming on line – points to teach our pupilsGroomers use popular social media sites, instant messaging sites, gaming platforms and chat rooms to find their victims. They hang out there!Groomers look at the young person’s profile to learn more about then use this information to build a relationship with them. Groomers hide their own identity and age by pretending to be the same age as the child or young person they are targeting. Groomers have a variety of ways of ensnaring their victims including getting their victim to make the first contact. Groomers do not need to meet up with the child or young person to exploit them but will manipulate them into taking part in online sexual activity. Slide11

Who is vulnerable to grooming and CSE?Both girls and boys – it is very important to recognise that boys and young men are sexually exploited and groomed and this is very much underestimated. It is also recognised that boys and young find it much harder to disclose abuse of this nature.Groomers will read the public comments that have been put on pictures or messagesThey will look for profile names which appear flirty or have sexual intonation.Children and young people who are looked after or live in residential care have been known to be specifically targeted. Children who are regularly absent from school.Those who are missing from home or homeless.Children who hang out in popular points of contact. Slide12

Teaching children and young people the signs of groomingSings to look out for Being offered gifts, money, expensive items and trendy clothes.Being offered things that adults wouldn’t normally allow you to have e.g. Drugs and alcohol.Having a ‘boyfriend’ who initially showers you with attention and then becomes controlling and demanding.Slide13

Teaching children and young people the signs of groomingSigns to look out for in your friendsOut of character behaviour from your friend who start to become distant from their usual group of mates. Possessing expensive and new items which they couldn’t afford before.Friends missing school, staying out late at night, not returning home, being secretive about where they have been.Tiredness, mood swings, marks on their body, looking unwell.Talking in a new way, dressing differently and / or responding to a nick name or a ‘street’ name.Slide14

So how can school educate their pupils?Exploited is the latest education resource pack from CEOP’s ThinkyoUKnow programThis is a short film which helps young people to keep themselves safe from sexual exploitation by learning to recognise the signs. Slide15

Real Love Rocks – Barnardo’s

AA

A new education resource from Barnardo’s.

There is a Primary School Edition and a Secondary School Edition.

This resource is interactive and comes with a USB stick with all the animations and resources that you need to teach children and young people about healthy relationships and CSE.Slide16

Resources My dangerous Loverboy – a campaign from Eyes Open Creative to raise awareness about sexual exploitation and trafficking. This is used in conjunction with the Love and Lies?- Who can you trust? (Education resource).The story of Jay – NSPCC Know the signs – Emma’s Story: A victims perspective of CSE - produced by West Yorkshire Police.

ThinkUKnow - Exploited When someone cares about you – short animation describing how people should be treat by someone who cares about them and looking at situations where children and young people may get involved in abusive or exploitative relationships.

What can schools do to protect children and young people from sexual exploitation?

A fact sheet

- NSPCCReal Love Rocks – Barnardo’sPlease remember to view and assess the appropriateness of each resource before using in classSlide17

What procedures should a school have in place? How do schools make sure pupils know these?Schools need to have well trained staff who are aware of the signs of CSE and the current grooming techniques used in their area. Schools need to make sure that staff know the procedure and process of referral if they think a child or young person is at risk of CSE. Relevant school policies should make reference to CSE, grooming and issues connected with this. A high quality PSHE curriculum which have been reviewed an updated to include education on this aspect.A supportive, sign posting facility which can help pupils and parents alike to get help and advice from specialist agencies if they are worried about CSE, grooming, risky behaviour or inappropriate relationships.

Pupils should be made aware of the above through teaching in the curriculum, advertising materials around school, age appropriate information sharing assemblies, visits from other agencies such as Barnardo’s or the NSPCC.Slide18

Additional resources from Optimus EducationHow to talk to parents about...child sexual exploitationWebinar: Identifying and managing sexual exploitation: the responsibilities of schools, colleges and local authorities Child protection and safeguarding definitionsKeeping children safe in education: legal briefingThe role of deception in child sexual abuseSafeguarding emergencies: what to do when you need to act quickly The role of shame in child sexual abuseSlide19

Find more resources at

http://www.optimus-education.com/knowledge-centre/sen-and-safeguarding

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