Abdulaziz Alomar MD MSc FRCSC Assistant Professor and Consultant Orthopaedic and Sport Medicine Surgeon General MSK Physical Examination P rinciples for Lower Examination Exposure ID: 534155
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Knee Examination" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Knee Examination
Abdulaziz
Alomar, MD,
MSc
, FRCSC
Assistant Professor and Consultant
Orthopaedic
and Sport Medicine Surgeon Slide2
General MSK Physical Examination
P
rinciples for Lower Examination
Exposure
Bilateral limb examination
Anterior and posterior
Gait
LLD
NV examination
Joint above and joint belowSlide3
Gait
Antalgic
gait
Stiff knee gait
Flexed knee gaitSlide4
Knee Examination
Look (Inspection)
Feel (Palpation)
Move
Special tests
Slide5
Inspection (Look)
Deformity
Scars
Swelling
Skin
colour
changes
Muscle wastingSlide6
Muscle wasting Slide7Slide8
Deformity
Deformity Slide9
Scars Slide10
Localize Swelling Slide11
Defuse swelling (Effusion) Slide12
Feel (palpation)
Temperature
Tenderness
EffusionSlide13
Tenderness
Soft tissue
Bony prominences
Joint lineSlide14
Surface anatomy Slide15
Joint line palpation Slide16
Effusion
Ballotment
MilkingSlide17
MOVE
Active ROM
Passive ROMSlide18
ROM
Flexion contracture
Extension lagSlide19
Special tests
Ligaments (stability):
ACL (Anterior
Cruciate
Ligament)
PCL (Posterior
Cruciate
Ligament)
MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament)
LCL (Lateral Collateral Ligament)
meniscus
Patellofemoral jointSlide20
ACL
(anterior
cruciate
ligament)
Anterior drawer test
Excessive forward movement of the tibia on the femurSlide21
Lachman’s test
The most sensitive test for ACL rupture
Anterior Translation and end point (soft vs. hard)
ACL
(anterior
cruciate
ligament)Slide22
Pivot shift test:
When positive, it is painful
It needs experience to be able to elicit it
ACL
(anterior
cruciate
ligament)Slide23
PCL
(posterior
cruciate
ligament)
Posterior drawer test
excessive
backward
movement
of the tibia
in relation
to the femur.Slide24
Sagging sign:
compare both knees
in
90 degrees
of flexion.
In the injured knee the proximal tibia is displaced backwards compared to the
other side
.
PCL
(posterior
cruciate
ligament)Slide25
MCL
Full extension
15
degree flexion Slide26
LCL
Full extension
15
degree of
flextion
Slide27
Meniscus
Joint line tenderness:
Tenderness in the medial joint line (medial meniscus)
Tenderness in the lateral joint line (lateral meniscus)
McMurrey’s
test for medial and lateral meniscusSlide28
Patella apprehension test