Bohemia Alena A Fidlerová Yet for at least two centuries the procreative pen and its many different and individual offspring complemented and at times rivalled the pressʼs more uniform products ID: 634897
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Slide1
Languages of Early Modern Manuscript Culture in Bohemia
Alena A. FidlerováSlide2
„Yet for at least two centuries the procreative pen and its many different and individual offspring complemented and at times rivalled the
pressʼs more uniform products.“ (Henry R. Woudhuysen, 1996)
Printing and the culture of printed books
…Slide3
Manuscript culture after the advent of print
Closer to orality than printFunctions primarily on the local levelStrengthens family and community bonds and the local identity
Can defend group interests (e.g. religious sectarians)
(Mostly) not subject to censorship
Reflects more precisely the language choices of usersSlide4
Scribes / authors
eliteRenaissance poetsconservatives with antiquarian interestsStudentsMonksaristocrats…
non-elite (socially disadvantaged)
regional (esp. from rural areas)
lower class
religious sectarians
women
Elite culture popular culture
16th c.
19th c.Slide5
Scribal publication (manuscript publication)
Manuscript, but not privateHarald Love (1993):authorial publication
entrepreneurial publication
p
rofessional scribes (scriptoria)
user publicationSlide6
LINDA, Jaromír;
STICH
, Alexandr; FIDLEROVÁ, Alena;
ŠULCKOVÁ
, Martina:
Repertorium rukopisů 17. a 18. století z muzejních sbírek v Čechách
. Díl I/1, 2, A–J. Praha: Karolinum, 2003, 779 s. ISBN 80-246-0610-0.
FIDLEROVÁ, Alena;
BEKEŠOVÁ, Martina: Repertorium rukopisů 17. a 18. století z muzejních sbírek v Čechách. Díl II/1, 2, K–O. Praha: Karolinum, 2007. 843 s. ISBN 978-80-246-1459-5.
Bohemia
Museum collections17th-18th century
all languages and all genresElite culture slightly underrepresented
So far published parts:
94 museums
3298 manuscriptsSlide7
Manuscripts in Repertorium
according to the language (in %)Slide8
Manuscripts in
Repertorium according to the language 1
Language
(s)
Absolute number
%
Czech
1362
44,88
German
1078
35,52
Latin
307
10,12
Czech-German
63
2,08
Czech-Latin
60
1,98
German-Latin
89
2,93
Czech-German-Latin
22
0,72
French
10
0,33Slide9
Manuscripts in Repertorium
according to the language 2
Language(s)
Absolute number
%
Italian
3
0,09
Hebrew
6
0,19
Slovak
5
0,16
Old Church Slavonic
3
0,09
German-French
4
0,13
Latin-French
2
0,07
Latin-Italian
2
0,07Slide10
Manuscripts in
Repertorium according to the language 3Slide11
Czech and German in Czech lands
in 1930sSlide12
Czech and German prayer
booksSlide13
Disparate
development: Languages in dated
prayer
books
from
1731-1800Slide14
German and Czech prayer
books
German
%
Czech
%
Broumov
11
100
0
0
Česká Lípa
45
100
0
0
Děčín
16
100
0
0
České Budějovice
44
73
16
27
Jindřichův Hradec
18
44
23
56
Kladno
4
40
6
60
Hradec Králové
9
25
2575Kolín4271173Chrudim2131487Chotěboř0010100Slide15
Culture difference:
Genres only in Czech (plus Latin) Rorate (Advent M
ass
hymns
and
songs
) Slide16
Culture difference: Genres
only in Czech (plus Latin)Sung Passion
of
Christ (Palm
Sunday
,
Good
Friday)Slide17
Culture difference: Genres
only in Czech (plus Latin)Funeral songsSlide18
Hierarchy of languages
– plurilingual textMiscellany of Latin,
German
,
Greek
, and
French
printed and manuscript texts:„Polyanthea
Nova Rara & Invia Seu Dictorum
maximo [!] memorabiliu[m], locoru[m] insignium
, Exemploru[m], apothegmatu[m] seu
doctrinarum Politico-moraliu[m],
emblematu
[m]
, lem
[m]
atu
[m]
,
similitudinu
[m]
atq
[
ue
]
Sententiaru
[m]
graecoru
[m]
vel
Latinoru
[m]
celebrioru
[m]
; Axiomatu
[m]
tu
[m]
Iuris, tu[m] aliaru[m] scie[n]tiaru[m] et artiu[m] peno [!] omniu[m] Congeries plenissima, Messis uberrima, ac Promptuariu[m] locupletissimum. Ex Libris et M[anuscripti]s diversorum idiomatu[m] cum sacris tu[m] profanis, tu[m] vetustiorib[us] tu[m] rece[n]tiorib[us] Togatoru[m], sagatorum, Patru[m], Philologoru[m], Ictoru[m], & Medicorum erutum et collectum pro conversandi arte, et vitae Com[m]uni, ad feliciter nunc et tunc vivendu[m], virtutes implantandas, risu[m] movendu[m], pungendu[m], serijs jocu[m] miscendu[m] in prosa et metro ta[m] lectu jucundum, qua[m] fructu foecundum. Recessit Sylva Epitaphorum, cum appendice lusuum et salium urbanorum. Studio, industria, ac Labore Fr[ancisci] Waizenbek [1]732.“Slide19
Hierarchy of languages
– title and textCzech sermons:
„
Conciones
christiano
=
Catholicae
breves, intellectu faciles, Sententiis S[
anctae] Scripturae, et S[anctorum
] Patrum Roboratae, Deo cor
movente (nam Solus Deus potest Sine
Doctoribus perfecti [?] imbuere
nam
Doctores
Sine
Deo
nihil
pro¤ciunt
,
illi
foris
tantum
agunt
, Sed Deus corda
instruit
et
illuminat
.
Thom
[
ae
]
Kemp[ensis]) fructuosae, Rudi Plebeculae dictae, et humili stylo ac calamo a me P[atre] Stephano Brich S[acri] ord[inis] Cis[terciensis] M[onaste]rij B[eatae] V[irginis] M[ariae] de Sancta-Corona Professo Cžernicij aliquot Annorum Spatio indigno Curato conscriptae A[nn]o 1774. […] Pars Prima.“German lectures:„Materia de Matrimonio Ex Jure Ecclesiastico Privato. Juxta Jllustrissimum, ac Doctissimum D[omi]num D[omi]num Josephum Joannem Pehem, ejusdem Studii Professorem publicum in Universitate Vindobonensi 1795.“Czech interrogation record:„Examen Matthiae Haczaperka Subditi dominij dobržissensis habitum 4. [Octo]bris A[nn]o 1725.“Slide20
Hierarchy of languages
- bilingual titles „Materia=
Medica
oder
die
Arzney
mittel Lehre Durch Anordnung von Johann Gottlieb Wolstein
der Arzney und Wund Arzney Doctor
, Director, und Professor der Pracktischen Vieharzeney
in den Kais=Königs=Thierspital. Erkläret
von H[err]n. Mengmann Apothecker
allda
. de Anno [
1]785.“
„
ELEMENTA
ARITHMETICAE
Practicae
Generalis
Neb
Počatkowe
vměňj
početnyho
hlawnjho
. K
snadnemu
prospěchu, a
užjwaňj
nowotnjm
učencum vměňj početňjho nabytj žadostjwym w Cžeskem gazyku na swětlo uwedene w Kralowem Hradcy nad Labem a Josepho Pyllarž A[rtium] L[iberalium] et Praelectionum Academicorum in Universitate Pragensi Auditore.“„SPECULATIVA ARTIS MOLITORIAE PRAXIS. Neb Aučjnlywe Ržemesla mlynařskyho Cwičenj, s přypogenym gak Auduw mlegnskych, tak wodnjch, wnjtřnjch, y zewnjtřnjch zakladuw, a spolu na njch stogicych Stroguw wiobrazenjm. Podle Mathematickyho Umenj spořadane.“Slide21
Thank you for your attention.
alena.fidlerova@ff.cuni.cz