Success is going from failure to failure without a loss of enthusiasm Only put off until tomorrow what you are willing to die having left undone Picasso Procrastination ID: 572670
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Motives and Personality" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Motives and PersonalitySlide2
Success is going from failure to failure without a loss of enthusiasm
.
Slide3
Only
put off until tomorrow what you are willing to die having left undone.
PicassoProcrastination
is one of the most common and deadliest of diseases and its toll on success and happiness is heavy.
Wayne Gretzky If I didn't swim my best, I'd think about it at school, at dinner, with my friends. It would drive me crazy.
Michael PhelpsSlide4Slide5Slide6
Evolutionary Perspective
on Michael Phelps
Why
so fast?Slide7
Very shy, extremely low self-esteem young womanSlide8
Mother
Teresa
Martin Luther King, Jr.
John F. Kennedy Albert Einstein
Pope
John Paul II
Eleanor Roosevelt
Winston Churchill
Mohandas
Gandhi
Nelson Mandela
Slide9
UN Declaration of Human RightsSlide10Slide11
Chapter 11: Motives
Personality viewed as individual differences in
basic psychological motives
These motives operate through conscious and
unconscious mental processes
Historical focus on this topic was on dynamic,
intrapsychic
(unconscious)
influences
on behavior not captured by, for example, traditional self-ratings. Slide12
Motives
Why intrapsychic section? Consider “hunger”Coordination of thought, feeling, action
toward a specific goal Only semi-conscious Mostly unconscious process
Reliance on projective methods in motive research Slide13
Motives
How are motives similar to traits?
Vary in strength and typeMeasureableStable over time
Influence life imp. Life outcomes
Explanatory concepts Slide14
Motives
How are motives different from traits?
More implicit (unconscious)Fluctuating state (like emotions) Slide15
Motive Taxonomies
Duality Theories
Empedocles (480BC): Love
&
StrifeFreud: Libido
&
Thanatos
Adler (30s):
Superiority
&
Social Interest
Otto Rank (30s):
Fear of Life
&
Fear of Death
Bakan
(‘60s):
Agency
&
CommunionSlide16
Motive taxonomies
Hogan (1983)Socioanalytic Theory
“Socio” group living primate“Analytic” huge symbolic capacity
2 metamotives:
1) Getting AheadPower, Achievement, Status2) Getting AlongBelonging, Cooperation, AltruismSlide17
1) Getting ahead
Evolved from preferential breedingFemales are choosier (Trivers, 1972)
Males have to compete (or bye-bye)Competition causes “status hierarchies”
Higher status=
higher mating opportunitySocial brain evolved: hierarchy negotiation mechanisms Motives:
power, deference, obedience, achievement, exhibition (display), stimulation (exploration), risk-taking..Slide18
2) Getting along
Motives?Nurturance
CooperationAffiliationBelongingAttachment
Conformity
Moral aggression Slide19
2) Getting along
Nurturance (care provision)Attachment (e.g., pair-bonding)
Kin altruism (Hamilton, 1964)Provision of care, support, protection, in-group bias
Reciprocal altruism (
Trivers, 1972) Cooperation among non-kin
Reciprocity mechanism--trust, sharing, cheat
er
detection
Group selection (controversial)Slide20
Motive Taxonomies
Trapnell &
Paulhus (2012)Evidence of
Agency
& Communion superfactors in existing inventories of values and goals:Slide21
Trad
Power
Achiev
Univ
Autn
Hedon
Bene
Schwartz Circumplex of Human Values
Conf
Stim
SecurSlide22Slide23Slide24
Trapnell &
Paulhus
(2012)
A direct measure
of
agentic
and
communal values: the
ACV
Factor analysis
of
24 ACV items
:Slide25Slide26
Other motives
White (1959):Effectance MotiveHumanistic Psych:
Self-actualization MotiveSelf-transcendenceEvopsychMatingParenting