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Requirements from French Nuclear Requirements from French Nuclear

Requirements from French Nuclear - PowerPoint Presentation

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Requirements from French Nuclear - PPT Presentation

Safety Authority on Beryllium activities Joelle ElbezUzan Environmental Protection amp Nuclear Safety Division ITER Organization Licensing roadmap for staged approach Be is very important for the staged approach licensing ID: 759770

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Slide1

Requirements from French Nuclear Safety Authority on Beryllium activities

Joelle Elbez-Uzan

Environmental Protection & Nuclear Safety Division

ITER Organization

Slide2

Licensing roadmap for staged approach

Be is very important for the staged approach licensing

Slide3

French Nuclear Regulations/requirements that are applicable for ITER Be activities

Decree No 2007-1557 of 2 November 2007

INB order: Order dated 7 February 2012 Decisions ASN 2013-DC-0360 Other specific orders

ITER decreeDecision No. 2013-DC-0379

RPrS

Impact Study

Answer to GP actions

….

Slide4

General ASN regulations

Decree No 2007-1557 of 2 November 2007

Any nuclear facility (INB) shall assess the impacts on the “interests” mentioned in the article L593-1 of the Environment code: health, security, public “

salubrity

”, nature and environment protection.

By this decree, ITER becomes an INB the day the preliminary safety report is sent to the regulator, meaning in January 2008.

Be impacts on the health and environment are subject to this decree.

Slide5

General ASN regulations

INB Order

- Order dated 7 February 2012 relating to the general technical regulations applicable to INB

From

the INB order

article

1, it is clear that any activity related to design, construction, operation, decommissioning, surveillance and maintenance of activities related to protection of the interests mentioned in the environmental

code

enters in the scope of this INB order.

Beryllium

is concerned by these interests, since it can affect the

environment and health.

From the title III in this order,

the defence in depth principle

shall be

implemented.

The INB order establishes

a list of internal and external hazards

to be considered in articles 3.5 and 3.6.

Slide6

General ASN regulations

Decisions ASN 2013-DC-0360 of the French Nuclear Safety Authority dated 16 July

2013

The

decision

focuses

on

the control of pollution and the

impact on

health and the environment of basic nuclear

facilities

The beryllium is an hazardous substance due to its impact on health and

environment, so the decision is applicable

The title II related to water sampling, effluent discharges and transfer in the air/water

provides technical

data. The process of Beryllium during assembly and storage could lead

to production

of liquid and gas effluents contaminated by beryllium mainly due to

plates cleaning

process. These

INB articles 3.5 and 3.6 provide

requirements in terms of collection, treatment

, transfer

and discharge of effluents mainly articles from 2.3.5 until to

2.3.13 of ASN 2013-DC-0360.

Slide7

General ASN regulations

Decisions ASN 2013-DC-0360

of the French Nuclear Safety Authority dated 16 July 2013

In particular, the article 2.3.13 requires having a

stack design

in order to have a

good atmospheric

diffusion of releases airborne effluents in order to avoid their re-use

in neighbouring

installations.

The stack height cannot be lower than the one resulting from

the calculation

in appendix 1 of the decision

.

Additional monitoring of effluents under aerosol form as well as under a potential liquid

form is

to be performed as per title III

.

It is specified

in article

4.1.1 that the facilities shall be designed, constructed, operated, decommissioned

, dismantled

, maintained and monitored in such a way as

to prevent or limit the direct

or indirect

discharge of substances likely to cause pollution

in the receiving environment

or sewage

systems.

Slide8

Other specific orders

Several other “decision” orders are applicable to ITER facility (e.g. “waste” decision order)

will need

to be further assessed.

Slide9

Specific regulations for ITER site

ITER decree: Decree No. 2012-1248 dated 9 November 2012 authorising ITER Organization to build the licensed nuclear facility called ITER in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Article III-1: The design, construction and operation of the facility shall control the risk of spreading hazardous substances, such as radioactive substances or beryllium, within the facility or its environment, during normal operation and in incident or accident conditions.

Confinement

of Be is a basic safety

function

Slide10

Specific regulations for ITER site

ITER decree:

Decree No. 2012-1248 dated 9 November 2012 authorising ITER Organization to build the licensed nuclear facility called ITER in

Saint-Paul-

lez

-Durance

Article III-1:

The confinement of hazardous materials shall consist of

two systems

, based on two confinement methods: static and dynamic:

1. A

first system, located as close as possible to the materials, provided in particular by the tokamak vacuum vessel and its extensions, the tritium processes, the maintenance hot cells and the associated ventilation systems as necessary.

2. A

second system designed to limit releases into the environment, provided by the walls of the rooms and buildings and the associated ventilation systems as necessary.

In the parts of the facility where a risk of spread of dangerous materials exists,

ventilation system

provisions ensure a negative pressure cascade compared to atmospheric pressure.

Slide11

Specific regulations for ITER site

ITER decree:

Decree No. 2012-1248 dated 9 November 2012 authorising ITER Organization to build the licensed nuclear facility called ITER in

Saint-Paul-

lez

-Durance

Article IV-1.7:

Concerning beryllium in particular, the operator shall set up:

1.

Beryllium zoning

upon receipt of this substance on site.

2.

Dual confinement system

mentioned in III.1 of this article, which is designed to limit the spread of beryllium.

Stationary

and mobile means of atmospheric testing

in work areas located in “

beryllium

controlled areas

”.

Article

V-5:

Before

producing any waste,

the waste disposal outlets will be identified

during the operation and dismantling phases for each waste type, particularly for waste containing tritium,

beryllium

, tungsten and molybdenum-93.

Slide12

Specific regulations for ITER site

Decision No. 2013-DC-0379 issued by the French Nuclear Safety Authority on 12 November

2013

I.6.3 Beryllium risks

I. The operator must provide all those who are potentially exposed to beryllium with

personal protective equipment

as soon as the equipment or materials containing this substance have been received.

II. The protective devices against beryllium are subject to

suitable qualification

, as well as regular inspections to check their operation.

III. The operator must

monitor the beryllium atmospheric concentration and surface contamination

, as well as making any necessary changes to the zoning strategy.

IV. Prior to receiving this element onsite during the construction or assembly phase, the operator must provide the relevant staff members with

training

on the risks associated with beryllium.

Slide13

Reminder of regulator requests during the initial safety licensing process

From

GP

safety

option file report (2002)

The

operator

will

have to

present

(…), in

particular

for

Beryllium

,

the maximum

quantities

present

in the

facility

,

where

they

are

located

,

their

physical

and

chemical

forms

,

their

potential

to

be

spread, and

bring

all

necessary

substantiations

.

Considering

the

toxicity

risk

associated

with

Beryllium

, the confinement concept

is

applicable to

Beryllium

.

Slide14

ITER RPrS

Beryllium zoning will be applied during all phases, starting with the construction phase and the safe transportation, delivery and storage of beryllium on the ITER site.

Slide15

ITER RPrS

Worker protection provisions will be the following for beryllium-relevant zones:

when the zone has been identified as a beryllium-controlled zone:

access is limited only to beryllium qualified personnel,

specific medical monitoring will be associated with this

beryllium-qualified personnel

,

beryllium monitors will be implemented in the rooms with the main risks,

when the zone has been identified as a breathing protection zone (above

0.2

μ

g/m3

), then the same provisions are considered as for

beryllium-controlled zones

, adding the following requirements:

air breathing masks will be required for personnel entering these zones,

the zones will have higher air renewal rates.

Slide16

ITER RPrS

In addition, ITER will apply safety defence-in-depth principles in order to optimize beryllium occupational exposure:

limiting the operations in which workers can be exposed (e.g. limiting beryllium machining preparations)

implementing beryllium zoning

implementing a confinement system in the rooms or zones in which beryllium may be spread in order to avoid personnel exposure, e.g. implementation of specific mobile or fixed confinement systems such as ventilated airlocks (depressurization and filtration)

fixed or mobile detectors implementation in the rooms liable to be exposed to beryllium spread

regular air sampling or smear measurements

specific air breathing systems in the air breathing zones

Slide17

ITER RPrS

Only atmospheric releases of beryllium are expected in

ITER (for liquid see slide 26).

The

potential release

(stack height 58m) of

airborne beryllium is estimated at:

during the construction and assembly phase:

6 g

during

the operation phases:

1.5

g

The actual release should not exceed the values estimated in the

RPrS

.

Slide18

Answer to GP action - Personal Protective Equipment

Provisions to avoid contamination rely on

Collective measures

Beryllium containment (static, dynamic)

Beryllium zoning

Access control

Beryllium monitoring and detection

Individual measures

(adequate to the level of risk)

Protective clothing

Eye protection

Protecting gloves

Respirators

Etc.

Slide19

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

To summarize, the following requirements for Beryllium apply:

Slide20

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Confinement of Beryllium

The

confinement of beryllium is a fundamental safety function

, that shall be ensured for

the design

, construction and operation of ITER activities and for both inside the facility as well

as outside

the facility, for normal incidental and accidental situations.

[ITER

decree]

This function shall be designed through the implementation of

a

defense

in depth

principle

.

[INB order

]

The confinement of Beryllium shall be ensured

by

two

confinement systems

, based on

static and

dynamic

confinement.

[INB order]

Slide21

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Confinement of Beryllium

In the parts of the facility where a risk of spread of dangerous materials exist,

ventilation system

provisions ensure a negative pressure cascade

compared to atmospheric

pressure.

[ITER decree]

According

to the appendix 1 of the “environment decision

”,

the

stack height shall

be calculated with regards to the chemical releases and considering an

over-height imposed

by the distance to the surrounding buildings and their height

.

[ASN decision]

Slide22

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Beryllium zoning

A

Beryllium zoning

is implemented when Beryllium comes on site, with

fix or

mobile atmospheric

monitoring

inside Beryllium controlled zones.

[ITER

decree]

Beryllium zoning will be applied

during all phases

, starting with the construction phase and the safe transportation, delivery and storage of beryllium on the ITER site

.

[ITER

RPrS

]

Slide23

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Resistance to internal hazards

Slide24

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Resistance

to external hazards:

risks induced by industrial activities and communication circuits, including explosion, emissions of dangerous substances and aircraft dropping

earthquakes

lightening and associated EMC

extreme meteorological or climatic conditions

fires

floods originating outside the INB perimeter, including their dynamic effect

m

alicious

acts

a

ny

other external hazard that the regulator may

ask to consider

c

ombination

of these

hazards

[INB order]

All

these hazards shall be considered. It does not mean that the design shall cope with all these, but at least to assess its resistance level to each of these hazards and their combinations.

Slide25

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Resistance to internal and external hazards:

These

hazards shall be assessed based on the

defense

in depth principle

, to prevent

and detect

incidents, and to avoid that these incidents become accidents, to recover

the situations

up to normal situations or at least to maintain a safe state, to control and

mitigate accidents

and to manage the accident situations to limit consequences to persons

and members

of the public.

[INB order]

Slide26

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Worker protection, training

The operator provides to potentially exposed persons

individual provisions

against Beryllium

, since the reception of components/equipment including

Beryllium

[Decision n°2013-DC-0379

]

Provisions against Beryllium shall be

adequately qualified

, as well as submitted

to periodic tests

[Decision n°2013-DC-0379

]

Before

reception of beryllium on site during construction/assembly phase,

the operator

trains the persons

likely to be exposed a training on Beryllium

risks

[Decision n°2013-DC-0379

]

Slide27

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Worker protection, trainingIndividual measures (adequate to the level of risk)

Slide28

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Beryllium monitoring

A Beryllium zoning is implemented when Beryllium comes on site, with fix or mobile atmospheric monitoring inside Beryllium controlled zones

.

[ITER

decree]

The

operator implements

a monitoring of atmospheric and surface

contamination of

Beryllium

and modify if necessary the Beryllium

zoning

[Decision n°2013-DC-0379]

Slide29

Reminder of Safety provisions required by ASN regulations against Be risks

Beryllium waste management

The waste management requires that

before any production of waste to identify how

to process

these waste, in particular Beryllium waste

, and

to limit as far as possible

and

using best

techniques at economically acceptable the waste volumes stored before

evacuating them

. [ITER

decree].

Only atmospheric releases of beryllium are expected in ITER

. Plasma operations do not generate beryllium in liquid form. However, it is perhaps possible that liquid beryllium will be created in the beryllium laboratory in order to carry out beryllium measurements.

Specific procedures will be put in place in order that liquid beryllium samples are not released in the industrial

effluents (due to agreement with CEA)

and that they are captured and transferred for a specific waste treatment.

The same process of capture will be used for the first rinsing water. Subsequent rinsing water may be released after monitoring as an industrial effluent

. [

RPrS

]

Slide30

Thank you for your attention!