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The New Frontier & The Great society              (Part The New Frontier & The Great society              (Part

The New Frontier & The Great society (Part - PowerPoint Presentation

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The New Frontier & The Great society (Part - PPT Presentation

John F Kennedy amp Lyndon B Johnson The Promise of Progress Kennedys Vision of Progress New Frontier policies of the Kennedy administration JFK faces the same RepublicanSouthern Democrat coalition that blocked many of Trumans attempts at policymaking ID: 597810

rights great society lbj great rights lbj society poverty warren court power progress jfk continued kennedy programs reforms civil

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

The New Frontier & The Great society (Part 3)

John F. Kennedy

&

Lyndon B. JohnsonSlide2

The Promise of Progress

Kennedy’s Vision of Progress

New Frontier

—policies of the Kennedy administration• JFK faces the same Republican-Southern Democrat coalition that blocked many of Truman’s attempts at policy-making• Lacks the skill and experience to get policies passed • Also lacks mandate—clear voter support for his agenda

The New FrontierSlide3

continued

The Promise of Progress

Commission on the Status of Women

N.O.W. requests and Kennedy commissions a report on the state of women’s equality and rights in the U.S.

Report reveals massive educational access gap, employment gap and income gap (women earn an average of $0.59 for every $1.00 earned by men)Stimulating the EconomyBy 1960, U.S. in recession; 6% unemploymentJFK administration pushes for deficit spending to stimulate growthGets 20% increase for defense; minimum wage raised to $1.25; expansion of unemployment programs

Addressing Poverty Abroad

Peace Corps

—volunteers assist developing nations; great success

Alliance for Progress—economic, technical assistance to Latin American countries - in part meant to deter spread of communism from Cuba to other parts of Latin America; leads to some development but no fundamental reformsSlide4

continued

The Promise of Progress

Race to the Moon

April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut

Yuri A. Gagarin is first man in spaceLess than a month later, U.S. launches Alan Shepard into space, duplicating Russian successConstruction of launch site at Cape Canaveral begins construction“Gemini” and “Apollo” missions eventually end in massive success with “Apollo 11”. July 1969 U.S astronaut

Neil Armstrong is first man to walk on moonUniversity science programs grow; new industries, technologies arise

Addressing Domestic Problems

Michael Harrington’s

The Other America

brings attention to

poverty (50 million Americans

now living below poverty level)

1963, JFK begins to work on poverty, racial injustice, civil rightsSlide5

Tragedy in Dallas

Four Days in November

November 22, 1963, JFK shot, killed riding in motorcade in Dallas

Captured on film by

Abraham Zapruder; first instance of ‘citizen journalism’Nightclub owner Jack Ruby shoots alleged assassin Lee Harvey Oswald Vice president Lyndon Johnson succeeds JFK

Unanswered Questions

Warren Commission

investigates, concludes Oswald acted alone

1979 reinvestigation concludes Oswald part of conspiracy

Numerous conspiracy theories have been proposed; 84 potential suspects have been named (CIA, the Mob, Russians, Cubans/Castro, LBJ, and many more….)Slide6

The Great Society

The demand for reform helps create a new awareness of social problems, especially on matters of civil rights and the effects of poverty.Slide7

NEXT

LBJ’s Path to Power

From Texas to Capitol Hill

As Congressman,

Lyndon Baines Johnson was mentored, helped by FDR1948, LBJ narrowly wins Senate seat

The Great Society

A Master Politician

1955, LBJ becomes Senate majority leader

“LBJ treatment”

—ability to persuade senators to support his bills

Gets Civil Rights Act of 1957

passed—voting rights measureLBJ helps Kennedy win key Southern states in presidential electionSlide8

NEXT

The 1964 Election

Republicans nominate

Senator Barry Goldwater

Goldwater: government should not deal with social, economic problemsThreatens to bomb North Vietnam, advocates intervention – “Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice.”LBJ says will not send troops to Vietnam; wins by landslideDemocrats big majority; Southern Democrats not needed to pass bills

continued Johnson’s Domestic AgendaSlide9

Building the Great Society

Great Society

—LBJ’s legislation to end poverty, discrimination

• Johnson’s long-established political connections and the “LBJ treatment” helps him convince Congress to pass 206 of his billsCritics of the Great Society: Protest that government is “getting too big” and gaining too much power.Fiscal conservatives, right-wing Republicans, Libertarians, etc.Dislike of “big government” rooted in:principles of anti-federalismstates rights“original, constitutional intent”

inalienable or “natural” rights (which has a very long tradition in the United States)These “natural rights” include:

Life

Liberty

Estate

Contract

Becomes a hallmark of “New Right” conservative movement which will gain strength through the 70s, and still exists today (Tea Party, Freedom Caucus, etc.)Slide10

Analysis and Discussion Question:

Which of the following ‘Great Society’ Programs might a member of the “New Right” object to on the basis that they violate “natural rights”? Slide11

Reforms of the Warren Court

The Warren Court

Warren Court

—Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren• Rejects loyalty oaths (from early Cold War era), affirms free speech, church-state separationCongressional Reapportionment• Reapportionment—

Chief Justice orders states to redraw election districts by populationCourt rules districts must have approximately equal populationLeads to shift in political power from rural to urban areasSlide12

NEXT

continued

Reforms of the Warren Court

Rights of the Accused

Warren Court rulings expand rights of people accused of crimes:illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court – Mapp v. Ohio

courts must provide legal counsel to poor – Gideon v. Wainwright

suspect

must be read rights before questioning –

Miranda v.

Arizona

Some praise protection of right to a fair trial

Others think rulings handicap police investigationsSlide13

NEXT

Impact of the Great Society

Social and Economic Effects

Post-WW II, LBJ

extends federal power more than all other presidentsPoverty drops from 21% of population in 1962 to 11% in 1973Massive tax cut spurs economy; Great Society contributes to deficitDebate over finances, effectiveness of programs, government role continues to the present day