PPT-Energy and Enzymes Ch. 6

Flow of energy Energy is the ability to do work or bring a change There are 2 types of energy Kinetic Energy of motion Potential Stored energy Laws of Thermodynamics There is a constant flow of energy in biological systems . Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Enzymes. 3. 4. Pages 96 - 103. Enzymes. 1.. . Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers.. 2.. . Enzymes are substrate specific.. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.. Everything that happens in a cell. Growth. Reproduction. Interaction with the environment. Response to stimuli. Is the result of a chemical reaction.. A chemical reaction is a change in the arrangement. the Cell. Energy. To move or rearrange matter. Kinetic energy. Motion. Light. Heat. Potential Energy. Location or Structure. Chemical Energy – potential energy of molecules. Thermodynamics. Energy transformations – The System and The Surroundings. Some reactions have enzymes. What might be an advantage to having enzymes in chemical reactions? Any disadvantages?. Can you name any enzymes?. Bellringer-3/9/15. Enzymes. Most enzymes are proteins. Act as a catalyst to speed up a chemical reaction by helping molecules react with each other faster. IMPORTANCE. OF ENZYMES. Enzymes are biological catalysts that:. . I. ncrease. . reaction rates . by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur. 100-1000x . faster. !!!. Activation Energy. protein. !. Enzymes are . Biological . catalysts . that . increase. . the rate of metabolic reactions.. Since enzymes speed up chemical reaction rates, what are they called?. Catalyst- . A substance . Part 1. . Chapter 3. Learning outcomes. You should be able to:. explain how enzymes work. describe and explain the factors that affect. enzyme activity. use V. max. and K. m. to compare the affinity of different enzymes for their substrates. C. atalysts. Energy of Activation. Most rea. ctions do not start spontaneously. They require energy, such as a spark, to get started. . This is called activation energy. 2. Energy of Activation. The . This is where . enzymes. come into play!. Help the body do this!. Enzymes. What are they. ? What properties do they have?. Why do we need them?. How do they work?. Enzymes. – . What are they?. P. Enzymes. Back when we discussed proteins, we learned that one critical function of protein was to speed up chemical reactions.. Enzymes. are the proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions. To the penny placed on your desk.. Observe the penny but don’t touch it. What happens?. Explain why. 2. Give the penny a . little . push. What happened?. Why did the penny move the second time and not the first time?. You would have to eat. your body weight if you needed to completely regenerate the ATP for your body. BUT. Enzymes. Chemical Reactions are represented by chemical equations. During chemical reactions, valence electrons of atoms or compounds are rearranged to form a new substance with new properties.. In order for chemical reactions to take place, . enzymes . must be present to help . speed up . the reaction.. Chemical bonds connect atoms. to make . molecules. .. Chemical . reactions. can do two things:. that . catalyze. (. i.e.. , . increase or decrease the rates. of) . chemical reactions. .. . In enzymatic reactions, the . molecules. at the beginning of the process are called . substrates. , and they are converted into different molecules, called the .