The breakdown of simple food molecules such as glucose and the release of the energy it contains Respiration does not refer to a person breathing Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic Occurs ID: 1033206
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1. Cellular Respiration
2. RespirationThe breakdown of simple food molecules such as glucose and the release of the energy it containsRespiration does not refer to a person breathing
3. Aerobic and Anaerobic RespirationAerobic- Occurs in the presence of oxygenAnaerobic- Does not occur in the presence of oxygen. Does not yield as much energy
4. Aerobic: Glucose + oxygen yields carbon dioxide + water
5. Energy is produced in the form of ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate) ATP is a high energy molecule that the body uses as its source of energyRespiration is the process that produces ATP
6. Aerobic Respiration
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8. Aerobic RespirationBegins with glycolysis (cytoplasm – 2 ATP)Pyruvic acid (3-carbon compound) moves into mitochondriaKrebs cycle (2 ATP produced)Electron transport chain (32 ATP produced)
9. GlycolysisFirst Stage of respirationGlucose is broken down in the cytoplasmThe mitochondria can only breakdown smaller molecules to yield energyPyruvate3- carbon sugarsOccurs in both aerobic and Anaerobic respirationProduces a net yield of 2 ATPHow many carbons does glucose have?
10. Glycolysis
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12. Second Step of Cellular RespirationKrebs CycleSmall molecules (pyruvate) broken down furtherThe chemical reactions require oxygenMinimal amount of energy is releasedKnown as the krebs cycleOccurs in the mitochondrial matrixProduces electron carriersPositively charged moleculesProduces 2 ATP
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14. Electron Transport ChainMovement of electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) across the cell membraneA hydrogen ion gradient is produced by actively transporting hydrogen ions out side of the mitochondriaAs the hydrogen ions diffuse back into the cell through the enzyme atp synthase ADP and a phosphate ion are bound producing ATP.Yields 34 ATP
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16. Anaerobic Respiration
17. Anaerobic (alcohol fermentation): Glucose→ ethanol alcohol + carbon dioxide
18. Anaerobic (lactate formation): Glucose → lactic acid
19. FermentationOccurs during anaerobic onlyNo additional ATP are madeEnd products varyYeast: ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxideYeast is used to make bread rise (because CO2 is produced) and to make alcohol productsBacteria: lactic acid
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22. Muscle FatigueCaused when not enough oxygen is reaching the musclesLactic Acid builds up and is not broken down fast enoughThe more mitochondria there are in an area the less fatigued the muscles get
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24. RecapAerobic: Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle/electron transport chainAnaerobic: Glycolysis & Lactate Formation or Alcohol Fermntation
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26. Respiration of Fats and ProteinsCells can utilize other organic compounds in aerobic respirationCompounds produced enter at a different point in the pathway
27. http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.cell.mitochondria/