Depth Perception - PowerPoint Presentation

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Depth Perception –Monocular and Binocular Depth cues

Unit

1 PsychologySlide2

Depth PerceptionDepth perception involves interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far away objects are.To make judgements of distance people rely on quite a variety of clues which can be classified into two types: binocular and monocular cues. Slide3

Types of Depth CluesBinocular

Monocular

Retinal Disparity

Accommodation

Convergence

Pictorial Depth CuesSlide4
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Binocular CuesBinocular Depth cues are clues about distance based on the differing views of two eyesExample: Viewmaster/Stereomaster toySlide6

Monocular CuesMonocular depth cues are clues about distance based on the image in either eye aloneSlide7

When do we use these cues?When something is far from us, we rely on monocular cues, those that require the use of only one eye. For closer objects, we use both monocular cues and binocular cues, those that necessitate both eyes.Slide8

Pictorial Depth Cues Include:Linear PerspectiveInterpositionHeight in the visual field

Texture Gradient

Relative Size

Binocular

Monocular

Retinal Disparity

Accommodation

Convergence

Pictorial Depth CuesSlide9

Monocular cues include: Accommodation and Pictorial CuesAccommodation occurs when the curvature of the lens adjusts to alter visual focus. When you focus on a close object, the lens of your eye gets fatter (rounder) in order to give you a clear image. When you focus on distant objects, the lens flattens out to give you a better image of them WATCH THE VIDEO (available on Wikispace)Slide10
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Pictorial Depth CuesIt is a monocular depth cuePictorial cues are so named because artists use them to create depth and distance on two-dimensional surfaces such as paper and canvas. There is 5 pictorial depth cues - they include:Slide12

1. Linear PerspectiveParallel lines that run away from the viewer seem to get closer togetherLinear perspective is the apparent convergence of parallel lines as they recede (‘go back’) in distanceSlide13
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2. InterpositionAlso called overlap, occurs when one object partially blocked object is perceived as further away than the objects that obscures it (and vice versa)The shapes of near objects overlap or mask those of more distant ones Slide15

Because of interposition you can see that this little character is in front of his parentsSlide16

3. Texture GradientAs distance increases, a texture gradually becomes denser and less distinctTexture gradient refers to the gradual reduction of detail that occurs in a surface as it recedes into the distance, compared with a surface that is close and perceived in fine detail Slide17

Example of Texture GradientLook at the tiles and buildingsSlide18

4. Relative SizeIf separate objects are supposed to be of the same size, the larger ones are seen as closerRefers to the tendency to visually perceive the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, and the object that produces the smallest image to be further away. The objects being perceived must be expected to be about the same size in real life.Slide19

Because of Height in the visual field, you will recognise that the people closer to the horizon are further away, and things further from the horizon are closer to you (i.e. the hand and arm)Slide20

As a class point out where the pictorial depth cues are for the pictures on the following slidesWrite in Textbook:

Linear Perspective

Interposition

Height in the visual

field

Texture Gradient

Relative SizeSlide21
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Use the 5 pictorial cues you have just learned to discuss a photo Do one or more and pleaseYour

Task