Decreasing Behavior General Definitional Components Immediate Application or removal of stimulus Contingent must follow behavior Decreases behavior S Dp Type I Punishment Stimulus Presentation ID: 218772
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Slide1
Punishment: Part 1
Decreasing
BehaviorSlide2
General Definitional Components
Immediate (Application or removal of stimulus)
Contingent – must follow behavior
Decreases behavior
S
DpSlide3
Type I Punishment:
Stimulus Presentation
(Positive Punishment)
1. Reprimand
Spanking
Response Blocking??
Contingent Exercise
Overcorrection: Restitution & Positive Practice
Electric Stimulation
Remember: If it does not decrease behavior it is not punishment.Slide4
Example: Type I Punishment
Before
Behavior
After
No aversive You engage in Aversive condition
Condition target behavior presented.Slide5
Example: Type I Punishment
Before
Behavior
After
No burn on hand You touch hot stove Burn on handSlide6
Your Turn
Come up with an example of how your behavior has been punished (application style) and share with your peers.Slide7
BEHAVIORAL CONTINGENCY TABLE (DRAFT 2)
Change in Behavior
Present Stimulus
Remove Stimulus
Behavior Increases
Positive Reinforcement(S
+R
)
Negative Reinforcement (S
-R
) (Escape/Avoidance)
Behavior Decreases
Type I Punishment (S
+P
)
(Aversive Stimulus)
?Slide8
Type II
Punishment: Stimulus Removal (Negative Punishment - Penalty)
1. Response
Cost: Bonus, Use with R+
Time-Out: Planned Ignoring, Time-Out Ribbon
(Talk about restitution and positive practice with time out)
Remember: It must decrease behavior or it is not punishment!Slide9
Example: Type II punishment (Penalty)
Before
Behavior
After
You have You do something You loose
Something something Slide10
Example: Type II Punishment (Penalty)
Before
Behavior
After
You have $100 You get caught speeding you have no $100Slide11
Your Turn
Come up with an example of how your behavior has been punished (Penalty style) and share with your peers.Slide12
BEHAVIORAL CONTINGENCY TABLE (DRAFT 3)
Change in Behavior
Present Stimulus
Remove Stimulus
Behavior Increases
Positive Reinforcement (S
+R
)
Negative Reinforcement(S
-R
) (Escape/Avoidance)
Behavior Decreases
Type I Punishment
(S
+P
)
(Aversive Stimulus)
Type II Punishment
(S
-P
)
(Penalty)Slide13
Major Pitfall
Sick Social Cycle (Victim’s punishment Model)
Before
Behavior
After
Teacher
Ask Student
Student
Cusses
Needs a reader
Student
Student Asked
No
B%*$CH!
Doesn’t
to Read aloud
Red aloud
Slide14
Unconditioned & Conditioned Punishers
Unconditioned: Any unlearned stimulus that decreases behavior
Pain, odor, taste, physical restraint, extreme muscular effort, light, sound,
temprature
Conditioned: Any learned stimulus that decreases behaviorSlide15
Factors that Influence Punishment Effectiveness
Immediacy
Itnesity
/Magnitude
Punishment Schedule
Reinforcement Schedule
DRASlide16
Possible Side Effects
Emotional & Aggressive Reactions
Escape and Avoidance
Behavioral Contrast
Undesirable Modeling
Negative Reinforcement of the Punishing Agent’s BehaviorSlide17
Guidelines For implementing Punishment
Target Behavior must be operationally defined
Choose an alternate response to reinforce
Minimize the causes of the undesirable response
Use an effective punisher: not paired with R+ and is available
Apply: Consistently and Immediately
Keep records and have someone else help you monitor!
State the Rules to the individualSlide18
When should punishment be used?
The person’s behavior should be a danger to himself or others.
Use only after trying reinforcing procedures
Social Validity/Informed Consent
Reliability of Measurement: Helper/supervisor
Do not use punishment as a means to show superiority