A situation in which a large group of people behave in a violent and uncontrolled way WHY RIOT CONTROL Angry mob involved in destructive activities Riot control refers to the measures used by police military or other security forces to control disperse and arrest people who are inv ID: 655602
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Slide1
RIOT CONTROL AGENTSSlide2
RIOT
A
situation in which a large group of people behave in a violent and uncontrolled waySlide3
WHY RIOT CONTROL
Angry
mob involved in destructive
activities
Riot
control
refers to the measures used by police, military, or other security forces to control, disperse, and arrest people who are involved in a
riotSlide4Slide5Slide6Slide7
RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
Non lethal---less
lethal weapons
TYPES
Non Chemical
Chemical
Experimental New DevicesSlide8
RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
NON
CHEMICAL
batons
whips
rubber bullets
water cannons
electric TasersSlide9Slide10Slide11Slide12
RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
CHEMICAL
(1) Peripheral sensory irritants
a. tear
gases
b. oleoresin
capsicum (pepper spray)
(2) Dyes, pigments or fluorescent marking
paints
(3) Persistent obnoxious odor causing substances (mal-odorants)
(4)
Non-irritant
obscuring smokesSlide13
RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
EXPERIMENTAL
DEVICES
Active Denial System or ADS
The Laser Blinding 'Dazzler’
Taser short gun
Screaming Microwaves That Pierce the SkullSlide14
RIOT CONTROL AGENTS
5) Long
Range Acoustic Devices
6)
Net guns
7)
Stink bombsSlide15Slide16
PEPPER SPRAY
active
ingredient is
capsaicin
a chemical derived from the fruit of plants in the Capsicum genus, including
chiliesSlide17
PEPPER SPRAY
Pepper
spray is an inflammatory agent
.
A
lachrymatory agent (a chemical compound that irritates the eyes to cause tears, pain, and temporary blindness
)
C
auses
immediate closing of the eyes, difficulty breathing, runny nose, and coughing
.Slide18
PEPPER SPRAY
D
uration of effects depends on the strength of the spray
Average full effect lasts around 30 to 45 minutes, with diminished effects lasting for hours.
Personal pepper sprays can range from a low of 0.18% to a high of 3%.
Most
law enforcement pepper sprays use between 1.3% and 2%.Slide19
PEPPER SPRAY
MECHANISM
burning
and painful sensations
result
from its chemical interaction with sensory neurons.
Capsaicin
, as a member of the
vanilloid
family, binds to a receptor called the
vanilloid
receptor subtype 1 (VR1).
By binding to the VR1 receptor, the capsaicin molecule produces the same effect that excessive heat or abrasive damage would
causeSlide20Slide21
TEAR GAS
also
called irritants,
lacrimators
produce
transient discomfort and eye
closure
render the recipient temporarily incapable of fighting or resisting.
effects occur within seconds of
exposure
but seldom persist more than a few minutes after exposure has endedSlide22Slide23Slide24
TEAR GAS
Chlorobenzylidene
Malononitrile
(CS)
1-Chloroacetophenone
(CN)
Diphenylaminearsine
(DM
)Slide25
TEAR GAS
PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
solids at room temperature
with low vapor pressures
dispersed as fine particles or in solution
.
Dispersion devices include small hand held spray cans, large spray tanks, grenades, and larger weapons. Slide26
TEAR GAS
MECHANISM OF
TOXICITY
CS and CN are SN
2
alkylating agents
react readily at
nucleophilic
sites.
Prime
targets include sulfhydryl-containing enzymes, such as lactic dehydrogenase.
tissue
injury may be related to inactivation of certain of these enzyme systems.Slide27
TEAR GAS
MECHANISM OF
TOXICITY
Pain can occur without tissue injury and may be
bradykinin
mediated.
CS
causes
bradykinin
release
and
elimination of
bradykininogenSlide28
TEAR GAS
CLINICAL EFFECTS
Eye
Burning
, irritation
Conjunctival
injection
Tearing
Blepharospasm
PhotophobiaSlide29
TEAR GAS
Skin
Burning
Erythema
3)
Gastrointestinal
Tract
Gagging
Retching
VomitingSlide30
TEAR GAS
4)
Airways
Sneezing
Coughing
Tightness
in the
chest
Irritation
SecretionsSlide31
TEAR GAS
4)
Airways
Sneezing
Coughing
Tightness
in the
chest
Irritation
SecretionsSlide32
TEAR GAS
5)
Nose
Rhinorrhea
Burning
pain
6)
Mouth
Burning of
mucous membranes
SalivationSlide33
TEAR GAS
7)
Cardiovascular
:
transient
increase in heart rate and blood
pressure.
may
cause adverse effects in one with preexistent cardiovascular disease. Slide34
TEAR GAS
MEDICAL
MANAGEMENT
E
ffects
of exposure
are
self limiting and require no specific therapy.
Most
will disappear in 15-30
minutes
E
rythema
may persist for an hour or longer.Slide35
TEAR GAS
Eye
flush
with water or
saline
impacted particles should be sought.
topical
solution
to
relieve the
irritation
topical antibioticsSlide36
TEAR GAS
Pulmonary
oxygen
bronchodilators
if bronchospasm is present,
specific antibioticsSlide37
TEAR GAS
Skin
Early
erythema requires
reassurance
soothing
compounds such as calamine, camphor, and mentholated
creams
Small vesicles should be left
intact
larger
ones
should
be drainedSlide38
TEAR GAS
Skin
Irrigation of denuded areas several times a day
Topical
antibiotic