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Skeletal System 1).  Five Major Functions of Skeletal System: Skeletal System 1).  Five Major Functions of Skeletal System:

Skeletal System 1). Five Major Functions of Skeletal System: - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-03-17

Skeletal System 1). Five Major Functions of Skeletal System: - PPT Presentation

1 Gives shape and support 2 Protects internal organs Skull Ribcage 3 Muscles attach to bones 4 Blood cells are formed in bone marrow 5 Calcium and Phosphorous storage httpkidshealthorgkidhtbwSSmoviehtml ID: 654044

skeletal bones bone muscles bones skeletal muscles bone muscle fracture cartilage joint joints vertebrae movement controlled system painful spine

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Slide1

Skeletal System

1). Five Major Functions of Skeletal System:

1. Gives shape and support

2. Protects internal organs. (Skull, Rib-cage)

3. Muscles attach to bones.

4. Blood cells are formed in bone marrow.

5. Calcium and Phosphorous storage. Slide2

http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/SSmovie.html

http://www.abcya.com/skeletal_system.htmSlide3

Major Organs

A

:

Skull Connects to the top of the Spine. Made up of cranium (8 plates), and mandible.Protects the brain, eyes, ear and nose.B. Spine (Vertebrae) Helps to keep you upright.1. 33 linked bones that get smaller as they go down. Between each

vertebrae is a cartilage cushion called a disk.Slide4

Skull and SpineSlide5

Rib Cage

:

12

pairs of ribs one pair are “floating”Link to vertebrae in back, to the sternum in the front.Protects heart, lungs, and other organs.

Note the cartilage Slide6

Arms

and handsClavicle and shoulder blade (scapula)Upper arm is the humerus, the lower arm is the ulna (longer) and

radius. 27 bones in wrist and hands (carpels

, metacarpals, and phalanges

).Slide7

27 bones in wrist and hands (

carpels

,

metacarpals, and phalanges).E: Pelvis: Made of 5 fused vertebrae and hip bones.Slide8

Legs

Legs:

Connected to pelvis.

Upper leg (femur), kneecap (patella), Lower-leg (tibia-shinbone, fibula).26 bones in the feet. (tarsals, metatarsals, phalangesSlide9

Interesting facts

A). Development of Bones:

1). Many bones develop from cartilage as we age.

2). Cartilage cushions bones and allows them to “slide” across each other as they move. 3). Cartilage is 3 times as slick as ice; and acts as a “shock absorber”. 4). Bones are composed of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium. (Phosphorus is a non-metal).Slide10

Cartilage Slide11

Joints

B)._Skeletal Joints:

1). All bones that move, use joints.

2). Joints are where two bones are connected close together by ligaments and allow movement.3). There are six types of joints:Ball and socket: hip and shoulder.Hinge: Elbow, fingers, toes, knee….Pivot joint: upper neck, lower arm..

Saddle joint: base of thumb.Gliding joint: wrist, ankle.

Ellipsoid joint: base of fingers and toes. Slide12

Muscular System

What

makes us move.

There are over 600 muscles in the human body that control all movement.Slide13

Skeletal Muscle Slide14

There are three types of muscle:

A

).

Skeletal: The muscles that attached to bones by tendons, and provide movement. Skeletal muscles are striated (banded), and are able to be voluntarily controlled by the person. Skeletal muscles react quickly and tire quickly.

B). Smooth Muscle:

Un-striated and involuntary. Are unconsciously controlled by your brain, and control

things like blood pressure, breathing, and digestion.

C).

Cardiac Muscles

: Found only in the Heart and tightly inter-woven, they are involuntary and never tire (they stop; and you die). Slide15

Smooth Muscle Slide16

Heart Muscle Slide17

Action of Skeletal Muscles

1). Work only by contracting.

2). Muscles always work in pairs, one against the other. (antagonistic).

3). Skeletal muscles are voluntary and are controlled by nerve impulses. Muscles work on what is known as the all or nothing principle…they contract all the way or not at all. The strength of a movement is controlled by how much of a muscle is used. Picking up a paper clip uses very little of the bicep, lifting a child uses all of the biceps muscle.Slide18

Muscle in Action Slide19

Injuries to the Skeletal or Muscular

Systems

Sprain: a torn or pulled tendon or ligament. Usually pretty painful (sometimes more so than a fracture), with moderate swelling, but still functional and usually heals within a few weeks getting progressively better each day. Fracture:

Any break in a bone. Ranges from a simple fracture (just cracked, but still in place) to a compound fracture (one or both ends of the bone are forced through the skin causing deep lacerations). Most are simple fractures, and they can be almost painless to extremely painful, usually with swelling and bruising. Bones heal by binding back together with new bone cells (remember bones are alive). Most fractures heal between 6 and 8 weeks.

Osteoblasts

a type of bone cell rebuild bones that are injured and form all bone tissue.

 

Dislocation:

When a bone is forced out of its joint

. Very Painful! Generally, the pain is greatly reduced when the bone is put back in place, other than the pain from the bruising that often occurs when a bone dislocated. Slide20

Sprain Slide21

Simple Fracture & Compound Fracture Slide22

Dislocation