A promise made by Franklin D Roosevelt to the American people that he would bring change to the depression of America as a result of economic collapse The laissezfaire days were over I pledge you I pledge myself to a new deal for the American ID: 639723
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Slide1
The New DealSlide2
What was the New Deal?
A promise made by Franklin D. Roosevelt to the American people, that he would bring change to the depression of America, as a result of economic collapse. The laissez-faire days were over.
“I
pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American
people”Slide3
Did all Americans benefit from the New Deal?Slide4
The First New DealSlide5
The Banks
The
Emergency Banking Relief Act
immediately tackled the banking crisis by closing the banks for
4 days.
This restored the faith in the banks.Slide6
The Desperate
Introduced the
Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
It provided urgent shelter, food and clothing that was needed.
$500million was spent to help the American peopleSlide7
Farmers
Agricultural Adjustment Agency
was introduced
Farmers were paid to not produce any food, so the prices would go up.
Between 1933 and 1939, the farmers income doubled. Slide8
The Unskilled Unemployed
The
Civilian
Conservation
Cooperation put unskilled youth to work, mostly in the environment.As a result, they were given food and clothing, and a small wage of $1 a day.Most importantly, they were taught skills they could use in the future
Between 1933 and 1942, 3 million men took part in the scheme.Slide9
The Skilled Unemployed
Public Works Administration
put the skilled individuals to work to build schools, bridges and roads.
It created millions of jobs.
70% of America’s schools were built by the PWA.Slide10
Sharecroppers and tenants
Sharecroppers and tenants did not benefit from the First New Deal.
Many were
evicted from their homes
because there was less work for them to do.
This was both due to the introduction of the
AAA and new machinery which was bought by farmers with the Government money.Slide11
Black People
Black people were often sharecroppers or tenants on other farms.
The
NRA
(National Recovery Administration) was later known as the
“Negro Removal Act”
as many black people found themselves out of work as a consequence of “improving working conditions” and “fair” wages- who wanted to treat black people equally?Slide12
The Second New DealSlide13
Creators
The Works Progress Administration (1935) continued to give work to 2 millions people a year.
However, 7% of the budget was now used to create projects for creators: artists, writers, actors and musicians. Slide14
The Dependent
The
Social Security Act
(1935) proposed a state
pension to the over 65s
It also offered
support to handicapped people and mothers with dependent children.It provided security for those in work, where
unemployment insurance was provided by individual states.It was (and still is) funded through payroll taxes.Slide15
The Employed
The
Social Security Act
= unemployment insurance.
The
Wagner Act
supported workers who wanted to form a union and prevent employers from sacking workers.
Unions gained a lot more power.Slide16
Sharecroppers, Tenants and Farm Workers
The
Resettlement Act
(1935) was set up by Roosevelt and aimed to move 500,000 families to better land to help their crops.
The
Farm Security Administration
(1937) set up labour camps to help migrant workers.Slide17
Conclusion
Not everyone benefited from the New Deal.
Although there were many attempts to
end
unemployment,
in
1938 unemployment increased again to more than 10 million. This was due to a reduction in government spending.
It only began to fall steeply again in 1939 when the USA began to build up its armaments in case of war. This led to huge increases in jobs in industry.