Chapter 1 Lesson 3 Slide 1 How do archaeologists uncover the stories of early people They search for and study artifacts and fossils Unlike other scientists archaeologists often sift through the dirt in a small plot of land ID: 787418
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Slide1
Chapter 1, Lesson 3, How Archaeologists Study the Past
Slide2Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 1
*How do archaeologists uncover the stories of early people?
*They search for and study artifacts and fossils
*Unlike other scientists, archaeologists often sift through the dirt in a small plot of land.
*
Archaeologists are scientists who learn about early people by digging up and studying the traces of early settlements.*On archaeological digs, these scientists search for bones or other evidence that might tell them about life long ago
Slide3Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 2
-H
ow do Archaeologists work together?
-Archaeologists work with teams of other researchers and scientists to make new discoveries about how prehistoric people lived.
-They search for artifacts which are human-made objects.-Scientists called anthropologists often work with archaeologists.
-Anthropologists study culture, which is the way of life of a group of people.
Slide4Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 3
*Why do archaeologists study fossils?
*
Fossils
are remains of early life preserved in the ground.
*Fossils provide evidence of early people.*Archaeologists study the remains of human fossils (teeth, skulls, and other bones) to try and figure out their approximate age.
Slide5Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 4
-What have archaeologists learned about early humans from the evidence they have found?
-They have learned where and how early humans lived, what they were like, and how they developed.
-Archaeologists have found the earliest human-like beings called australopithecines.
-These beings and other creatures that walk on two feet, including humans, are called
hominids.-About 2.5 million years ago, a hominid named Homo habilis
(man of skill) used stone tools to cut meat and crack open bones.
-About 1.6 million years ago,
Homo erectus
(upright man) first appeared and eventually developed into today’s large brained
Slide6Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 5
-Continued
Human form,
Homo Sapien
(wise man).
Slide7Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 6
*What have archaeologists learned about modern humans?
*They learned that human culture significantly developed with the appearance of
Homo sapiens
.
*Homo Sapiens buried their dead, created cave paintings, made sharper tools began to farm, and developed writing systems.*Some physically modern Homo sapiens called Cro-Magnons migrated from North Africa to Europe and Asia.
Slide8Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 7
-What are some important archaeological finds?
-Louis and Mary Leakey found
Homo habilis
fossils in 1960, East Africa.
-Their discoveries showed that human evolution began in Africa and that Homo habilis was our ancestor.-In 1974, an American archaeologist, Donald Johanson, found the complete skeleton of an australopithecine he named Lucy.
Slide9Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 8
-Continued
-In the early 1990s, American anthropologist Tim White found apelike fossils that led to the naming of a new hominid species.
-In 2002, a team of archaeologists found a new skull in Chad, Africa, that is 6 to 7 million years old. It is the earliest human ancestor so far discovered.
Slide10Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 9
*Who lived and what happened during the prehistoric period known as the Stone Age?
*
Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens lived during this period.
*They invented tools, mastered fire, and developed language and learning.
*The Stone Age is divided into three phases:Paleolithic Age-lasted from 2.5 million to 8000 BC.
Mesolithic
Age
-occurred roughly between 10,000 to 6,000 BC.
Neolithic Age
-began about 8000 BC and ended as early as 3000 BC.
Slide11Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 10
*Continued
*The development of farming in the Neolithic Age greatly changed people’s lives.
*Instead of wandering, people began to settle down and build communities as time passed.
Slide12Chapter 1, Lesson 3 Slide 11
-Summary
-Studying ancient artifacts and fossils helps reveal early human history.
-The first human-like creatures developed in Africa.
-During the Stone Age, people began to use tools, control fire, speak, grow crops, and raise animals.
Slide13Questions?
What do archaeologists search for in order to find evidence of prehistoric people?
What are the earliest human beings who can walk on two feet called?
What did Homo Sapiens do that made them different from earlier people?
What did Donald Johanson name his australopithecine discovery?