3 Branches of Government By Nicole George Founding Fathers gathered in 1787 to write the Constitution Constitution set principles that told how the new nation would be governed The Founding Fathers ID: 766199
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3 Branches of Government By Nicole George
Founding Fathers gathered in 1787 to write the Constitution Constitution – “set principles that told how the new nation would be governed.”The Founding Fathers wanted a strong and fair national government.The Founding Fathers wanted to protect individual freedom.The Founding Fathers wanted to prevent the government from abusing its power. How 3 Branches of Government Started
The Founding Fathers came up with three branches of government:The Executive BranchThe Legislative BranchThe Judicial Branch Three Branches of Government
The legislative Branch is usually called CongressCongress includes 2 houses: 1. The Senate 2 . The House of Representatives The Legislative Branch
435 representatives in the HouseThe number each state gets is based on the population of the state.The higher the population, the more representatives a state gets. Write, Debate and Vote on Laws The House of Representatives
There are 100 Senators – 2 from each of our 50 states The Vice President is the head of the SenateSenate approves nominations made by the President of the Cabinet, Supreme Court, federal courts and other posts.The Senate must ratify all treaties by a 2/3 voteMake laws Can impeach (fire) a President for misconductApprove Judicial nominationsApprove Cabinet membersCan declare WarCan remove Judges from office for misconduct The Senate
The Executive Branch includes the President, Vice-President and the President’s cabinet. The Executive Branch makes laws official.The President is the head of the Executive Branch.The Vice-President takes over the President’s job if he should become incapacitate, dies, resigns or is removed from office for impeachment and/or following a conviction . The cabinet includes secretaries of various departments of the government, for example state, treasury, defense, justice, interior, agriculture, commerce, labor, transportation, education, etc., there are currently 16 people currently in the cabinet. The Executive Branch
Negotiates treaties with other nations Elected by the Entire Country Veto Bills to deny or delay approval of lawsSign Bills into LawsWrites the budget (but must get Congress to approve it)Leads our nation in times of warAppoints supreme court judges (of Judicial branch) for a life term (until they retire or die)Appoints or removes Cabinet membersThe President
Made up of 15 major departments of government The members give advice to the President about important matters.Members of the Cabinet
The Secretary of State The Secretary of the Treasury The Secretary of DefenseThe Attorney General (Justice Department)The Secretary of the InteriorThe Secretary of AgricultureThe Secretary of CommerceThe Secretary of LaborThe Secretary of Health and Human Services The Secretary of Homeland Security The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development The Secretary of Transportation The Secretary of EducationThe Secretary of Energy The Secretary of Veterans' Affairs The Cabinet
The Judicial Branch includes: the Supreme Courtthe District Courts the Appeals Courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the nation; all other courts must follow their rulings. There are nine Supreme Court judges. The Judicial Branch
9 Justices (judges), 8 Associates Justices, and 1 Chief Justice Decisions set precedents – new ways of interpreting the lawRules whether something is ConstitutionalBy decisions explain meaning of Constitution and laws passed by CongressOversees the Court System of the U.S.Serve life termsNominated by the PresidentThe Supreme Court
Each of the 3 branches can limit the powers of the other branches .This way no branch becomes too powerful.”Each branch ‘checks’ the power of the other branches to make sure that the power is balanced between them.”Checks and Balance System
HOW LAWS ARE MADE 1. Legislative Branch introduces and votes on the bill. 2. The bill goes to the Executive Branch 3. The President decides if the bill is good for the country. 4. If so, he signs the bill and it becomes a law. 5. If not, he vetos the bill (does not sign it) 6. The Legislative Branch gets another chance. 7. With enough votes, the legislative branch can override the Executive branch’s veto. 8. The bill becomes a law. Example of the Checks and Balance System
9. People test the law through the court system, which is under the control of the judicial branch 10. If someone believes a law is unfair, a lawsuit can be filed. 11. Lawyers make arguments for and against the case. 12. Judges decide which side presented the most convincing arguments. 13. The side that loses can choose to appeal to higher court. 14. If the Legislative Branch does not agree with how the Judicial has interpreted the law, the can introduce a new piece of legislation. 15. The process starts all over again. continued