Why dictatorships in modern societies A Few Theories Crisis Theory Dictatorships arise via a crisis Examples Great Man Theory reference Thomas Carlyle great men lead Nietzsche writes that the goal of humanity lies in its highest specimens ID: 544843
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Slide1Slide2
DictatorshipSlide3
Why
dictatorships in modern societies?Slide4
A Few Theories
Crisis Theory
Dictatorships arise via a crisis
Examples?Great Man Theory (reference Thomas Carlyle) “great men” lead Nietzsche writes that: "...the goal of humanity lies in its highest specimens“Übermensch (German for…?)Examples?
…the genesis of a great man … Before he can remake his society, his society must make him. ”
—-Herbert Spencer,
The Study of Sociology (1873)
Does Spencer agree with the Great Man Theory?Slide5
Four Techniques of Authoritarian Rule
Authoritarian means: power concentrated in few handsSlide6
1. Use of Force:
Terror, violence, secret police and military support
Those who dissent are
eliminatedExamples?Slide7
2. Indoctrination
Media popularizes leader’s viewpoints
Education controlled
Youth groupsPropaganda
Examples?Slide8
3. Controlled Participation
People are involved in activities like elections and referendums to show support for government
Symbolic
Examples?Slide9
4. Direction of Popular Discontent
Deflect blame on other groups
Internal or
externalExamples? Slide10
Types of non-democratic systems
Note: Sometimes an authoritarian government can fit more than one categorySlide11
Absolute Monarchy
Ruling family
tradition, religion, Divine right to rule
Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy, although, the Quran is supposed to be the country's constitution.Slide12
One-Person Autocratic Rule
Not hereditary
Regime maintained by force
Suharto ->Slide13
Oligarchy
Rule of an elite
Ethnic, social, professional groups
Duvalier regime in Haiti->Controlled Participation Example: In 1961 he had a vote to extend his rule to 1967, the official tally was 1,320,748 votes to zero.Slide14
Military Dictatorship
Most common form
Military personnel control political positions
Junta-military councilState of emergency often the basis for regime
BurmaSlide15
Minority Tyranny
Minority has full political rights
i.e.. South Africa under apartheid system
#1 Click to play (6 mins)#2 Click to play (6 mins)Slide16
20
th
Century Biographies Dictators (18 mins)
Click to playSlide17
Totalitarianism
Distinguished from authoritarianism
Attempts to control all aspects of life and societySlide18
Key features of Totalitarianism
Official ideology
A single mass political party
Secret policeMass media strictly controlled
Weapons strictly controlled
Economy
is
controlledSlide19
Models of Totalitarianism
Communism
FascismSlide20
Stalin Example
Manipulation of photosSlide21
Non-Democratic Systems Pros and ConsSlide22
Positives
Stability
Rapid decisions possible
Social orderResource management possibleSlide23
Negatives
Lack of legitimacy
Inefficiency and bureaucracy
Corruption uncheckedApathy and cynicism
Power struggles
Elitism
PersecutionSlide24
Dictatorship Today
The lightest countries get a perfect score of 10 (democratic), while the darkest countries (Saudi Arabia and Qatar), considered the least democratic, score −10.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Polity_data_series_map_2003.pngSlide25
China and Tibet
Tibet was occupied by China in 1951
A struggle for independence has been ongoing since that time.
2012-Self-immolation protestsWarning, graphic video ahead Slide26
Self
immolation- Tibet
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=sa_9mxYAxy45 mins