Music from Other Cultures Phonograph First device capable of recording and playing sound Invented by Thomas Alva Edison in 1877 Made music from around the world easily accessible to everyone ID: 581509
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Slide1
Ethnomusicology
Music
from
Other CulturesSlide2
Phonograph
First device capable of recording and playing sound.
Invented by Thomas Alva Edison in 1877.
Made music from around the world easily accessible to everyone.Slide3
Phonograph
Original tinfoil medium Phonograph, 1877Slide4
Phonograph
Edison Home Phonograph, c. 1896Slide5
Phonograph
Edison Standard Phonograph, c. 1898Slide6
PhonographSlide7
Phonograph
Edison Record Catalog, 1903Slide8
Phonograph
Edison Record Catalog, 1911Slide9
Ethnomusicologist- a person who studies the music of many different cultures.Empathy- the ability to look at the world from another person’s perspective or “stand in someone else’s shoes.”Slide10
Oriental & Occidental
Oriental- Asian or Eastern (China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, etc.).
Occidental- Western European (UK, France, Germany, Spain, Scandinavia, etc.). Descended from Roman Empire and immediate outlying “barbarian” tribes.
Relatively unfamiliar cultural elements between hemispheres as these cultures developed in relative isolation from each other until the 1400s.Slide11
Progression of Economies
Hunter/Gatherer- people obtain food by hunting (meat) and gathering (vegetables). Requires nomadic lifestyle as groups move from one food source to another. Simple housing and few material possessions. Dawn of man (c. 2 mya) to mesolithic (c. 10,000 ya).Slide12
Progression of Economies
Pastoral- domestication of animals for food, clothing, and defense. Mesolithic (c. 10,000-3000 ya). Wealth measured in possession of livestock. Still nomadic, leading herds to good pasture and limiting possessions and housing.
Slide13
Progression of Economies
Agricultural- Farming (c. 3500 ya to present). Development of agriculture depended on irrigation and a steady water supply (rivers), so the earliest civilizations developed along river valleys. The ability to feed a large population in place allowed increased possessions and better housing and required a military defense. Allows specialization of labor and trade.Slide14
Progression of Economies
Industrial- c. 1800 to present. Economy based
on mass production
and trade of goods.Information/Technological?- present. Economy based on trade of information.Slide15
Music from CameroonSlide16
Music from CameroonSlide17
Music from CameroonSlide18Slide19
Yaounde, CameroonSlide20
Douala, CameroonSlide21
Kribi Beach, CameroonSlide22
Mandara Mountain VillageSlide23
Waza PreserveSlide24
Bamileke Country
“The Chutes” WaterfallsSlide25
Music from Cameroon
Funeral Procession in the Atlantika MountainsSlide26
LaliMusic of the Bamileke
Warrior dance.
Serves preparatory and celebratory purposes.
Express bravery, virility, and brotherhood.
Prohibited during colonial period as it represented a threat to European colonists.Slide27
LaliPerceptive Listening
Identify means.
How many musicians?
What instruments or what kinds of instruments?
All instruments belong to what family?Slide28
Music of MexicoSlide29
Music of Mexico
Large country with many regions and a variety of local cultures.
Largely mountainous.
Half of work force engaged in agriculture.
Growing industrial and commercial sectors.
Coastal areas have become a favorite tourist destination.Slide30
Major Cultural Influences
Native- The Aztec capital of Tenoctitlan was at present Mexico City. Many other native groups, some vassal states to the Aztecs, also occupied the area of present Mexico.Slide31
Major Cultural Influences
Spanish- Conquistadors under Hernan Cortes arrived in 1519, eventually conquered the Aztecs under Montezuma, and took their gold. Spanish colonization introduced a rich European musical heritage.Slide32
Major Cultural Influences
African- The Spanish imported African slaves to work their colonial plantations.
Caribbean- The culture of these islands, itself a combination of Spanish, African, and native elements, influenced Mexico through immigration and slave trade.Slide33
Mestizo
Literally “mixture,” in this case referring to culture.
Cross fertizilation and blending of Spanish, Indian (native), and African cultures in Mexico.Slide34
Music of MexicoSlide35
Music of MexicoSlide36Slide37
Veracruz
Fort San Juan de UluaSlide38
Veracruz
Zocalo Market
Zocalo SquareSlide39
Music of Veracruz
Sones Jarochos- traditional songs of Veracruz.
Typically performed on four instruments:
Arpon- 35- string harp, melody and bass.
Requinto Jarocho- 4-string guitar, melody.Slide40
Music of Veracruz
Sones Jarochos Instrumentation (continued):
Jarana- thin guitar.
Spanish Guitar- traditional 6-string.Slide41
Hear the RhythmSlide42
Music of MexicoSlide43
Music of MexicoSlide44
JaliscoSlide45
Puerto Vallarta BeachSlide46
Puerto Vallarta
Landmark Cathedral
MaleconSlide47
Guadalajara
Mariachi Ensemble
Mariachi Festival ParadeSlide48
Music of Jalisco
Mariachi- ensemble employed for a variety of styles. Instrumentation includes several violins, two trumpets, guitarron (bass guitar), vihuela (short 5-string rhythm guitar), and Spanish Guitar (traditional 6-string).Slide49
Music of Jalisco
Son
Jalisciense
- literally “song from Jalisco.”Cancion
Ranchera
- literally “country song.”Slide50
La Negra
One of the best known of the
Sones
Jalisciense.
Example of
polymeter
, as accents among the six beat measure shift to arrange them in two groups of three then three groups of two.Slide51
La NegraSlide52
Music from ChinaSlide53
Music from ChinaSlide54
Music from ChinaSlide55
ShanghaiSlide56
Beijing (Peking)Slide57
The Forbidden CityBeijingSlide58
The Forbidden CityBeijing
Golden Water BridgesSlide59
The Forbidden CityBeijing
Gate of the Celestial GuardiansSlide60
The Forbidden CityBeijing
Five Dragon PavilionsSlide61
Temple of Heaven
Double Ring PavilionSlide62
The Great WallSlide63
Peking (Beijing) Opera
Origins uncertain. Dated from 600 to 6000 years ago.
Chinese opera performed in a wide variety of regional and local styles.
Combination of some of these styles in Peking from 17
th
century.
Combines orchestral music, singing, acrobatic martial arts, and pantomime.Slide64
Peking Opera CharactersSlide65
Peking Opera Characters
Lao Sheng
Xiao Sheng
Wu ShengSlide66
The Story of White SnakeSlide67
The Story of White SnakeSlide68
The Story of White SnakeSlide69
The Story of White SnakeSlide70
The Story of White SnakeSlide71
The Story of White SnakeSlide72
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Jinghu
- small, two- stringed bowed lute, accompanies male roles.Slide73
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Jing
Erhu
- larger version of
jinghu
, accompanies female roles.Slide74
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Yueqin
- round plucked lute, accompanies male and female roles.Slide75
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Yangqin
- hammered dulcimer.Slide76
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Ruan
- plucked lute.Slide77
Instruments Employed in Peking Opera
Pipa
- pear-shaped lute.Slide78
Operatic Vocal Technique
Western (European) Opera- lower range, voice resonates in chest.
Peking Opera- generally higher range, voice resonates in head cavities, producing the characteristic “shrill tonal quality” (to Western listeners).Slide79
Chapter 2 Test Review
Which of Thomas Edison’s inventions was most beneficial to the music world?
Ethnomusicologist-
The ability to look at the world from another person’s perspective or to “stand in someone else’s shoes” is called _____________.Slide80
Chapter 2 Test Review
Where is Cameroon?
Lali-
Mestizo-
Sones Jarochos-
Guitarron-Slide81
Chapter 2 Test Review
The
Story of White Snake
is a well-known _______________.
Briefly compare Western and Peking operatic vocal techniques.
Hunter/Gatherer-
Pastoral-
AgriculturalIndustrialInformation/Technological-Slide82
Chapter 2 Test Review
Abraham measures his wealth in livestock. He is a member of a ___________ society.
Joseph measures his wealth in fine art and other possessions and lives in a permanent house. Although there are artisans, craftsman, and trade, there is no large scale manufacturing. He is a member of an __________ society.Slide83
Chapter 2 Test Review
Adam must hunt animals or gather vegetables to eat. He doesn’t farm, but is an expert on the forest, knowing just when certain foods are available in which parts of his territory. He is a ___________.
Henry’s society depends on large-scale manufacture of goods for trade, such as automobiles. He works in a factory. He lives in an ____________ society.Slide84
Chapter 2 Test Review
Billionaire Bill has earned his billions selling “1”s and “0”s arranged in very particular orders. He calls these packages “programs” or “applications” which control machines. He is a member of an ________________ society.Slide85
Chapter 2 Test Review
Listening:
Lali
- warrior dance of the
Bamileke
. Cameroon.
La
Bamba- Son Jarochos. Veracruz.La Negra- Son Jaliscience. Jalisco.The Story of White Snake- Peking Opera. China.Slide86
Listening Test
EthnomusicologySlide87
Ethnomusicology
Music
from
Other Cultures