PPT-Pneumothorax and Pleural Effusions

Update Tension Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2013 Jan951614 doi 101308003588413X13511609956138 Thoracotomy versus VATS is there an optimal approach to treating pneumothorax Joshi V. Objectives. Know when to consider a thoracentesis. Know how to evaluate if safe to perform thoracentesis. Know when to consult specialists. Quick review of pathophysiology of effusions . Know how to analyze the fluid obtained. drainage, . thoracentesis. and . fibrinolytics. Dr. . N. avdeep. . S. ingh. Junior resident . Pulmonary medicine. DEFINITION. A chest drain is a tube inserted through the chest wall between the ribs and into the pleural cavity to allow drainage of air (. Chapter 27. Organs of the Chest. Structures of the Chest. Mechanics of Ventilation. Inspiration. Intercostal. muscles contract and diaphragm flattens.. Expiration. Intercostal. muscles and diaphragm relax; tissues move back to normal position.. Visceral Pleura. Covers the lung parenchyma including the interlobar fissures.. Provides mechanical support to the lung.. Limits lung expansion, protecting . the lung .. Contributes to the elastic recoil of the lung and lung deflation. . Interpretation . III. Mediastinum. The . mediastinum can be divided into an anterior, middle and posterior compartment, each with it's own pathology. .. Mediastinal lines. Mediastinal . lines or stripes are interfaces between the soft tissue of mediastinal structures and the . effusions. K. Brat. Pneumonia. . Different. . epidemilogical. . types. . of. . pneumonia. . require. . different. . treatment. . orptions. and . procedures. . CAP (. Community. -. Acquired. Serum levels of , a glycoprotein produced during fetal development, are low or undetectable in healthy, nonsmoking adults but may be increased in patients with malignancies which secrete CEA into th leural occur in 5% to 10% of patients with cirrhosis of the liver (1 ). In these patients, ascites is usually evident but a pleural effusion may develop in a cirrhotic patient in the absence ofdetecta Author: Salim Rezaie Epidemiology ✓ Annual incidence: A bout 1 million Americans each year Etiology ✓ Pleural Effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space . ✓ The first s [1, 2] . A parapneumonic pleural effusion refers to any effusion Accessible online at:www.karger.com/res Previous articles in this series: 1. Froudarakis ME: Diagnos-tic work-up of pleural effusion Ankit Gupta MD, Kassem Harris MD . Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Background.  . Technical Details, Challenges and Management of Complications. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) : Pneumothorax without any known underlying lung disease. Obeidah. . Masoudi. MD,FCCP. American Board Pulmonary, Critical Care & . Sleep Medicine . Brown University.. . The pleura is the serous membrane that covers the lung parenchyma, the mediastinum, the diaphragm , and the rib cage. Divided into the visceral and the parietal pleura, both meet at the root of the lung, the pulmonary hilum. Dr Abdalla Elfateh Ibrahim. Consultant & Assisstant Professor . of Pulmonary Medicine. King Saud University . Pleural effusions. Abnormal collection of fluid in the pleural space resulting from excess fluid production or decreased absorption. A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency department . with a 5-day history of fever and cough that produces green sputum. . He . has a history of tobacco use and ischemic cardiomyopathy with . a .