Trauma - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Trauma

STS

2/9/2015Slide2

Skull Fractures

Bleeding:

Loosely cover bleeding site with sterile gauze

Check for CSF

Do NOT try to stop blood flow. Why?

Do NOT insert NPA

C-spine precautions

But keep in mind…THEIR SKULL IS FRACTURED…so be careful of how you hold their headSlide3

Eye injuries

Foreign objects in eye:

Irrigate with saline/water (flush medial to lateral)

Never attempt to remove object from cornea (only remove if object is on eyelid)

If impaled: stabilize with roller gauze

If chemical: flush for 20 min

If thermal burn: cover with burn dressing

Blowout fracture: fracture of orbital bone;

googly

eyes

Check PERRL

Contacts should be kept in eye unless chemical present

Notify ALS if

pt

wearing contacts

TRANSPORTSlide4

EPISTAXIS

Bleeding from nose

Pinch nose

Tilt forward

Do not tilt backwards; if

pt

swallows blood, may cause

pt

to

vomit

 suction

Apply iceSlide5

Mouth injuries

Save loose teeth in container mixed with

Pt’s

saliva/milk

If bleeding in mouth is heavy

Check airway

Turn left-lateral

Prepare to suction

Never stick your hand into someone’s mouth!!Slide6

Soft tissue injury

Hematoma: pool of blood collects in an area, leading to compartment syndrome

may be due to blunt injury

Treatment: splint and CMSSlide7

Open injuries

Abrasion:

clean and apply

bandaid

/dressing

Avulsion:

clean and place flap back in right position

control bleeding

apply dressingSlide8

Open injuries (cont.)

Impaled object:

splint and stabilize

When do you remove an impaled object?

If it interferes

with CPR

/obstructs airway

Gunshot wound:

look for entry and exit wound

control bleeding

provide O2 blanket and shock position if in shockSlide9

pneumothorax

Air in pleural space

Sucking chest wound: open chest wound allows air into pleural space

Occlusive dressing

Tape 3 sides down

Auscultate every 5 min

If lung sounds are absent after applying occlusive dressing, ventilate and remove dressing momentarily to relieve pressureSlide10

Tension pneumothorax

What’s the difference between this and a sucking chest wound?

This is caused by a collapsed lung (genetic defect, trauma,

etc

)

You cannot ventilate a tension

pneumo

because it’ll add more air and exacerbate the problem

What is the biggest indicator of a tension

pneumo

?

Tracheal deviation

Treatment: TRANSPORTSlide11

Abdominal wounds

Evisceration: organ protruding through abdomen

Soak big trauma dressing in sterile saline solution

Tape over exposed organ

DO NOT touch exposed organ

DO NOT try to pack organs back Slide12

amputations

Wrap severed body part in sterile gauze

Place in plastic bag

Chill

on

ice

Do NOT allow body part to freeze or come into direct contact with iceSlide13

Neck

Jugular vein laceration

Apply occlusive dressing

Tape down on 4 sides

Monitor respirations closely (in case of air embolism)Slide14

THERMAL burns

1

st

degree: superficial

2

nd

degree: dermis

3

rd

degree: full thickness

Treatment:

Stop burning

 submerse in cool water/salineIf severe, apply burn dressing (non-adhesive)

Treat for shock

Patients with critical burns lose a lot of

fluids

Rule of NinesSlide15

Chemical/Electrical burns

Chemical burn treatment:

Remove clothing

For powder chemicals: brush off powder first

Flush with water for 20 min

Electrical burn treatment:

Look for entry and exit wounds

Prepare to perform CPR in case of cardiac arrhythmiaSlide16

Scenario

You get a dispatch call for a 20 y/o male at

Doheny

Fountain with suspected trauma.