Mesopotamian Civilization Mesopotamian Civilization p1720 What do you call a complex society that has an organized government art religion class divisions and a writing system A civilization ID: 637030
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Chapter 1 - Section #2 Mesopotamian CivilizationSlide2
Mesopotamian Civilizationp17-20Slide3
What do you call a complex society that has an organized government, art, religion, class divisions and a writing system?
A civilization
#1Slide4
Why did most early civilizations start in river valleys?
There was rich soil near the rivers
#2Slide5
Name 3 ways that rivers helped the people who lived near them.
Provided them with fish and fresh water
-
Helpful for trade
- There was
r
ich
soil near the rivers
Rivers were used for travel
#3Slide6
What was the main purpose of governments in Mesopotamia?
The
government:
made laws to keep order
formed armies for defense
-
made decisions for the people
#4Slide7
What is it called when people have different places in society based on their wealth/power?
A class system
#5Slide8
What is the name of the earliest-known civilization?
Mesopotamia
#6Slide9
What 2 rivers bordered Mesopotamia?
The Tigris and Euphrates
#7Slide10
What is the English translation of “Mesopotamia?”
Land between two rivers
#8Slide11
How did farmers learn to control the seasonal floods in Mesopotamia?
They
developed
an irrigation system
#9Slide12
What was the climate like in Mesopotamia?
It was hot and dry.
#10Slide13
How did the flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers help create rich farmland.
T
he
river flooded over the land and when the water receded it left behind rich soil.
#11Slide14
What is a city-state?
A Sumerian city
and the land around it
#12Slide15
Why did Sumerians build ziggurats?
To
honor the chief god
of the city-state
#13Slide16
What power did the Sumerians believe that the gods had?
Sumerians believed that the
gods controlled natural forces
and human activities
#14Slide17
Why did city-states fight against each other?
They fought
to control more territory
#15Slide18
What materials did the Sumerians use to build their houses?
Mud bricks
made out with mud and crushed reeds from the rivers
#16Slide19
What do you call skilled workers who made metal products, cloth or pottery?
artisans
#17Slide20
What types of items did Sumerians trade with other people from other cities?
Tools, wheat and barley
#18Slide21
What were the 3 classes in Sumer?
The upper class, the middle class and the lower class
#19Slide22
What group(s) of people made up the upper class?
Kings,
priests and
government officials
#20Slide23
What group(s) made up the middle class in Sumer?
Artisans, merchants,
farmers and fishermen
#21Slide24
What group(s) of people made up the lower class in Sumer?
Enslaved people who worked on farms or in temples
#22Slide25
True or False?
In Sumer women were in charge of the households.
False –
men were in charge of households
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True or False?
Sumerian women had certain rights.
True
#24Slide27
True or False?
Only Sumerian males were allowed to go to school.
True
#25Slide28
True or False?
Sumerian women were allowed to buy and sell property.
True
#26Slide29
A Skilled Peoplep20-21Slide30
Why is Mesopotamia often referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization?”
Their ideas and inventions were copied and improved upon by other peoples.
#1Slide31
Historians refer to this Sumerian invention as the greatest invention of the time.
writing
#2Slide32
What is the Sumerian system of writing called?
cuneiform
#3Slide33
What term was used to describe the Sumerians who learned to write and became record keepers?
scribes
#4Slide34
Name 3 Sumerian legacies.
literature
- irrigation systems
- wagon wheel
- plow
a number system based on 60
sailboat
geometry
plow
- a 12
month calendar
#5Slide35
What types of people became scribes?
Boys from wealthy families
#6Slide36
Which class in Sumer contained the most people?
The middle class
#7Slide37
Sargon and Hammurabip22-23Slide38
Why did Sumer city-states become vulnerable to attacks from outsiders?
The city-states were weakened from fighting with each other.
#1Slide39
What do you call a group of many different lands under one ruler?
Empire
#2Slide40
Who was the Akkadian king who conquered all of Mesopotamia?
Sargon
#3Slide41
What was the name of the Babylonian king who created the Babylonian Empire?
Hammurabi
#4Slide42
What was “Hammurabi’s Code?”
A collection of Sumerian laws.
#5Slide43
Why was Hammurabi’s Code an important legacy of the Babylonian Empire?
It was the first set of laws that were written down so they forced everyone in Babylon to follow the same laws.
#6