broiler breeder nutrition Astrid Koppenol Introduction Yolk provides FA to embryo 80 absorbed Yolk lipids n3 PUFA N3 PUFA eicosanoids immunity BUT ID: 184882
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Slide1
Omega-3 FA in broiler breeder nutrition
Astrid KoppenolSlide2
IntroductionYolk provides FA
to embryo (80% absorbed)Yolk lipids
:
n-3 PUFA
N-3 PUFA eicosanoids immunityBUT!Effect on breeder performance?Effect on egg quality?Effect on incubation?Effect on FA profile? Effect on growth offspring? Slide3
Omega-3 FASlide4
Objectives
Investigate
effect of
maternal
transition of Arachidonic acid AA (20:4 n-6)Eicosapentaenoic acid EPA (20:5 n-3)Docosahexaenoic acid DHA (22:6 n-3)
on:Performance of broiler
breeder
flock
Incubation
parameters
Egg
quality
Chick
quality
Performance of
offspring
FA
compositon
fresh
yolk
–
residual
yolk
–
liver
of
offsprings
During
time:
age
of
motherflock
: 28 – 33 – 38 – 43 – 48 – 53 - 58 weeks Slide5
Performance of broiler
breeders
5
480
Broiler
Breeders
(Ross 308) + 48
cockerels
Week 6 – week 58
4 Feeds:
A: n-6: control
B: n-3: EPA=DHA
EPA/DHA = +/- 0,8
C: n-3:
DHA-
rich EPA/DHA = +/- 0,2 D: n-3: EPA-rich EPA/DHA = +/- 2,1
pen
1
A
pen
2
B
pen
3
C
pen
4
D
pen
5
A
pen
6
B
pen
7
C
pen
8
D
pen
16
D
pen
15
C
pen
14
B
pen
13
A
pen
12
D
pen
11
C
pen
10
B
pen
9
ASlide6
Broiler Breeders
n
-3 effect on:
EW
LRn-3 no effect on:FCRBW
Weekly
measured
Week 25-58
Mean
per pen (n=4)Slide7
Egg Quality
n
-3
no
effect on:Shell Weight (g)Proportional AW (%)Proportional YW (%)Proportional SW (%)
Egg deformation (µm)
Haugh
unit
n-3 effect on:
Egg
Weight
(g)
Albumen
Weight
(g)Yolk Weight (g)Yolk colorShell Thickness (µm)Week 28-43-5860 eggs/treatmentSlide8
Incubation Parameters
n-3
no
effect on:
Chick qualityChick weight (g)Proportional CW (%)Middle and late embryonic
mortality (%)Differences
are found on:
Fertility
(%)
Hatchability
(%)
Early
embryonic
mortality
(%) Cockerels/methodologyResidual yolk weight (g)Proportional RYW (%)
Week 33-38-43-48-53-58
150
eggs
/ treatmentSlide9
Offspring Performance
n-3
no
effect on:
Body weight at d14, d28, d38 (g)Feed Intake (starter/grower/finisher) (g/a/d)Body Weight Gain (starter/grower/finisher
) (g/a/d)Feed Conversion Ratio (grower/finisher
)
n-3 effect on:
Body
weight
at d0 (g)
FCR starter (g/a/d)
FCR
total
period
(g/a/d)Week 28-43-58600 eggs/ treatment 240 offspring/ treatment
pen
13
A
pen
14
B
pen
15
C
pen
16
D
pen
17
A
pen
18
B
pen
19
C
pen
20
D
pen
21
A
pen
22
B
pen
23
C
pen
24
D
pen
1
A
pen
2
B
pen
3
C
pen
4
D
pen
5
A
pen
6
B
pen
7
C
pen
8
D
pen
9
A
pen
10
B
pen
11
C
pen
12
DSlide10
Transfer of FAYolk provides FA
to embryo (80% absorbed)YSM: uptake
and
transfer of
lipids from yolk to embryonic circulationConsumption eggs: dietary yolk n-3 PUFABroilers? n-3 PUFA eicosanoids immunity
- 50% of
total
amount
of FA
originally
present in the
yolk
incorporated
into tissues of chick- 50% of total FA present in yolk undergoes β-oxidation to provide energySlide11
FA composition
4 T: 1. control (AA)
2. EPA=DHA
3. DHA>EPA
4. EPA> DHA
d1
d14
d30
Residual
yolk
Fresh
yolk
LiverSlide12
N-6/n-3 ratio
Control
eggs
:
more n-6 FA
Less
n-3 FA
Dietary
n-3
enrichment
lowers
n-6/n-3
Fresh
yolk
Residual yolkSlide13
AA, EPA and DHA conc
Control
group
:
Higher AA concLower DHA and EPA concDietary EPA
increases EPA and DHA in yolk
Dietary
DHA
results
in
only
higher
DHA
conc
Effect is
less pronouncedAll enriched groups:Much more DHA available for theProgeny compared to control group FRESH YOLKFresh yolkResidual yolkSlide14
AA, EPA and DHA conc
LIVER D1
EPA
conc
in DHA group is increased
compared to RY conc
All
conc
are
higher
Biomagnification
of
essential
PUFASlide15
Biomagnification of essential PUFA
=
proportion
of
essential C20-22 FA increases each stage of transfer process from RY to embryoPreferential uptake from yolk by YSMIn YSM: DHA
translocated to TAG, resulting in enriched VLDL released
into
circulation
Preferential
mobilisation
from
adipose
TAG into plasmaSlide16
DHA vs EPA
DHA more present
early
in the post
hatch
life, while
EPA
remains
low
and
equal
in
p
rogeny
liverSlide17
Breeders: decreased LR and EWIncreased
FCREgg quality:increased
Ycolor
, prop SW, ST decreased YW and AWIncubation:Decreased RYW and prop RYWOffspring:decreased BW d0, FCR starter ConclusionSlide18
Dietary n-3 enrichmentLowers n-6/n-3 ratio
in fresh yolk and
residual
yolkMore DHA available for transfer to offspring from residual yolkAdding DHA to maternal diet results inhigher DHA concentration in fresh and residual yolkAdding EPA
to maternal diet results in
more EPA
and
DHA in
residual
yolk
Biomagnification
during
transfer
from RY to tissue of offspringDHA present in higher conc early in post hatch life ConclusionSlide19
Thank you for your attention!Any Questions?
Astrid Koppenol