Monastery Troubadour Serf What Leader brought Christianity to the Franks Who wrote the book of rules that will be used to govern monasteries Which Group of raiders or explorers were also known as Norsemen ID: 690117
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Slide1
Warm-up 10-21-15
Define the Following terms:
Monastery
Troubadour
Serf
What Leader brought Christianity to the Franks?
Who wrote the book of rules that will be used to govern monasteries?
Which Group of raiders or explorers were also known as Norsemen
? Slide2
Objective: Describe events in Western Europe from the fall of Rome to the emergence of nation‑states and analyze the impact of these events on economic, political, and social life in medieval Europe. Describe the rise and achievements of the Byzantine civilization.
Power of the Church
&
the CrusadesSlide3
HOMEWORK
READ PAGES 387-397
Answer questions (3-8) on page 392
Answer questions (3-6) page 397
10 Questions
Due at the beginning of class Slide4
Papal monarchy – popes were involved in spiritual & political affairs
Lay investiture – secular, or lay, rulers chose church
officers
(kings/leaders not associated with the church)
Pope Gregory
VII – issued a decree forbidding lay investiture in 1075
Interdict – forbids priests from giving sacraments
Sacraments – formal church rites necessary for salvationSlide5
The Age of Faith
Monasteries led spiritual revival
?????Slide6
Problems in the Church
Priests nearly
illiterate
Popes are men of
questionable morals
Reformers focused on three main issues:
Village priests married and had families Simony
?????
Lay investiture
?????Slide7
Reform & Organization
Popes
Leo IX and Gregory VII
enforced Church laws against simony and marriage of priests
Church was
restructured to resemble a kingdom
Pope at its head
Pope’s group of advisers called papal Curia Curia acted as a courtCanon law on marriage, divorce, and inheritance
Diplomats
for pope traveled throughout Europe
Deal with bishops and kings, enabling popes to
establish authority
Church collected
taxes in form of tithes 1/10th of yearly income from all Christian families Slide8
Papacy Problems – church’s authority & power weakened
Babylonian Captivity, 1305–1377, papal court in
Avignon
(
Clement
V
)
Great Schism, 1378–1417
Two & then three popes simultaneously
One in Rome
One in Avignon, France
Jan Hus – Czech reformer; burned at stake, 1415Slide9
Crusades – Latin crux, undertaken to recover Holy Land
Arab Muslims captured Jerusalem in A.D. 600s
First Crusade – A.D. 1096 to 1099, led by French nobles
Emperor Alexius I –
asked for aid against the Seljuk Turks
Pope Urban II
Wanted to
unite European rulers & nobles against a common enemy
Called for the 1
st
Crusade in
1095Slide10
Pope Urban IISlide11
Crusades continued…
Crusaders – vowed to “take up the cross”
Second Crusade – A.D. 1147, a defeat for the Crusaders
Third Crusade – “Crusade of Kings”
Saladin – led Muslim forces & retook Jerusalem in 1187
Richard the Lionhearted of England struggled alone against Saladin
Fourth Crusade – A.D. 1202, Crusaders plundered Constantinople
Children’s Crusade – A.D. 1212Slide12
Effects of the Crusades – broke down feudalism
Strengthened authority of kings & decreased power of feudal lords
Established a pattern of persecution of Jews in Europe
Greater contact with Muslims ended isolation of western Europe
Increased demand for goods from the East
Increased trade in EuropeSlide13
Cathedrals
Most worship in small churches; larger churches called cathedrals in cities
Cathedrals
represent the City of God
800-1100 Romanesque style cathedrals
Round arches, heavy roofs, thick walls and pillars, small windows
Early 1100s new style of Cathedrals: Gothic
Thrust upward, reaching toward heaven
Sculpture
Pointed arches, flying buttresses, spires, ribbed vaults
Stained glass windows
Elements meant to inspire worshiper with magnificence of God Slide14
see diagram on page 381Slide15Slide16Slide17Slide18Slide19Slide20
Canterbury CathedralSlide21
Notre-Dame, ParisSlide22
Notre-Dame, ParisSlide23
Notre-Dame, ParisSlide24Slide25Slide26
Christ treading on the LionSlide27
Reims CathedralSlide28
Chartes Cathedral Slide29
Chartes CathedralSlide30
Notre-Dame, ParisSlide31
Chartes CathedralSlide32
Chartes CathedralSlide33
Chartes CathedralSlide34
Chartes Cathedral