Objectives Describe how water moves through underground layers of soil and rock Explain how people obtain water from an aquifer We are covering NGSS MSESS22 Construct An Explanation Based On Evidence For How Geoscience Processes Have Changed Earths Surface At Varying Time And Sp ID: 735757
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Slide1
Water Underground
Water and the Atmosphere - Chapter 1 Lesson 3Slide2
Objectives
Describe how water moves through underground layers of soil and rock.
Explain how people obtain water from an aquifer
.
We are covering NGSS:
MS-ESS2-2
Construct
An Explanation Based On Evidence For How Geoscience Processes Have Changed Earth’s Surface At Varying Time And Spatial Scales
.
MS-ESS3-1 Construct
A Scientific Explanation Based On Evidence For How The Uneven Distributions Of Earth’s Mineral, Energy, And Groundwater Resources Are The Result Of Past And Current Geoscience Processes
.
MS-ESS3-3 Apply
Scientific Principles To Design A Method For Monitoring And Minimizing A Human Impact On The Environment.Slide3
Looking for Water -
Planet Diary
How do you know where the water you drink comes from?
Saskia
Oosting
could help you find out! Ms. Oosting works for a company that locates and protects groundwater supplies. She is a project manager, which means she coordinates the work of many other people. One of her company’s jobs is figuring out where the water in a particular well comes from. Scientists and engineers drill other wells near the well they’re observing. Then they pump water out of the first well and watch the others to see where the level of groundwater drops. Once they’ve found the area that contributes water to the well, the company can help people who use that water keep the supply clean.Slide4
Looking for Water - Planet DiarySlide5
How Does Groundwater Collect?
https://
www.pearsonrealize.com/community/program/6aa8ae87-05c0-3cee-bb92-4233ea0e9d2f/16/tier/b9895533-707b-3ab2-a988-52f6d6432dae/16/lesson/32b1925d-0fe0-373f-bfee-2c15551e288f/16/content/e8af7250-994a-36a1-a625-4ac311f8095c/17
Which material in the image appears to be the least permeable? What evidence is there in the image to support your answer?Slide6
Uses of Water
Read Graphs
The graph shows water use in the United States. What would be a good title for this graph
?
Interpret Data
The two largest categories combine to make up about what percentage of the total water used in the United States?Predict How would an increase in the amount of land used for farms affect this graph?Calculate If the total daily usage of water in the United States is 1,280 billion liters, about how many liters are used by power plants?Slide7Slide8
How Does Water Move Underground?
Underground water generally comes from precipitation, which soaks into the ground.
Water
underground trickles down between particles of soil and through cracks and spaces in layers of rock.
Because they have large and connected pores, materials such as sand and gravel allow water to pass through, or permeate, and are called permeable materials.
Other materials, such as clay, have few or no pores or cracks or the pores are very small. These materials are less permeable than sand. Granite is impermeable, meaning that water cannot pass through easily.Slide9
How Does Water Move Underground?
The top layers of rock and soil contain air as well as water and are called the unsaturated zone.
At
some depth the water reaches the saturated zone, a level where the pores in the ground are saturated with water.
The
top of the saturated zone is called the water table. The saturated zone reaches deep into the Earth even though the rock becomes less permeable the deeper you go.Why would water stop soaking into the ground in the saturated zone?Slide10
How Do People Use Groundwater?
An underground layer of permeable rock or sediment that holds water and allows it to flow is called an aquifer
.
Aquifers do not have unlimited sources of water.
The rate that water moves in an aquifer depends on the slope of the water table and the permeability of the rocks. The level of a water table generally follows the shape of the surface of the land. The level rises during heavy rains or snow melts and falls during times of dry weather.Slide11
How Do People Use Groundwater?
People can obtain groundwater from an aquifer by drilling a well below the water table.
When
the bottom of the well is in a saturated zone, the well contains water. Today most wells are dug with well-drilling equipment.
Mechanical
pumps bring up the groundwater. If too much water is pumped out too fast, a well may run dry.Slide12
How Do People Use Groundwater?
In an artesian well, water rises on its own because of pressure within an aquifer.
In
some aquifers, groundwater becomes trapped between two layers of impermeable rock or sediment.
This
water is under great pressure from the water extending back up the aquifer. If the top layer of rock is punctured, the pressure sends water spurting up through the hole.Vocabulary The Latin root aqua- is found in words such as aquarium and aquatic as well as aquifer. What do you think this root means?Slide13
How Do People Use Groundwater?Slide14
How Do People Use Groundwater?
Deep
underground, water in some areas experiences great heat and pressure.
The
pressure forces boiling-hot water and steam to the surface, creating bubbling hot springs and erupting geysers.
More than half the known geysers in the world are found in Yellowstone National Park.Slide15Slide16
Assess your Understanding