HEPATIC DISTOMATOSIS LIVER ROT FASCIOLIASIS Definition Fascioliasis is an acute subacute or chronic infectious diseases of liver and bile ducts of ruminants and other animals caused by F gigantica and F hepatica and characterized by digestive disturbances marked by liver destruction ID: 917743
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Slide1
Slide2Other names
LIVER FLUKES.HEPATIC DISTOMATOSIS.LIVER ROT.
FASCIOLIASIS
Slide3Definition
Fascioliasis is an acute, subacute or chronic infectious diseases of liver and bile ducts of ruminants and other animals caused by F. gigantica and F. hepatica and characterized by digestive disturbances marked by liver destruction.
Slide4ETIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLE
Leave-shaped trematodes, genus Fasciola.F. gigantica (75 mm) is more prevalent and endemic in tropical areas including Egypt.F. hepatica (30 mm) is endemic in temperate and cooler areas (recorded in Egypt).
Slide5Epidemiology
Distribution:World wide distributed.Both types are endemic in Egypt.
Slide6Sources of infection
Encysted metacercariae on grass.
Slide7Mode of transmission
Ingestion.
Slide8Susceptible animals
Ruminant animals are highly susceptible.Other animals like pigs, equines, carnivores and primates including humans.
Slide9Factors influencing susceptibility
Calves and yearlings are more susceptible except suckling ones.In sheep, age group from 4-12 m.
Slide10E. value
Death during acute infection.Inefficient feed conversion.Predispose to other disease like black disease and bacillary hemoglobinuria.Liver losses in slaughter houses.
Slide11Pathogenesis
In acute fatal hepatic fascioliasis ….. Internal haemorrhage.Liver necrosis leading lower oxygen tension leading to flaring up of clostridial spores (Cl. Novyi type B & D) leading to development of black disease and bacillary hemoglobinuria.Chronic fascioliasis leading establishment of adult flukes in bile ducts… cholangitis, biliary obstruction, anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia.
Slide12Clinical signs
IP (prepatent period) 3-4 months.Morbidity varies directly with the degree of infestation in grazing land.Mortality 20%.
Slide13Acute form: sudden death.
Subacute form:Weight loss.AnaemiaPale mm.Submandibular edema in few cases.Clinical signs
Slide14Chronic from:
Submandibular edema (bottle jaw).Pale or icteric mm.Diarrhea is often present.Shedding of wool in sheep.
Slide15Eggs of
Fasciola hepatica
Eggs are 130-150 X 63-90
μ
m; golden brown, indistinct operculum, and unembryonated.
Slide16Slide17Diagnosis
Case history or field diagnosisClinical signsLab diagnosis:Fecal samples for direct faecal smear or sedimentation technique.Serological examination.
Slide18Treatment
Rafoxanide 1ml/25 kb bw.
Dovenix (Nitroxynil) 1ml /20 kg bw.
Albendazole 3 ml in cattle and 2ml in sheep /10 kg bw.
Slide19Prevention and control
Prophylactic use of anthelmintic twice per year.Prevent animal grazing infected areas.Eradication of host snails.