WWII – the End Battle of - PowerPoint Presentation

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WWII – the End

Slide2

Battle of stalingrad

August 23, 1942

Germany suffered huge losses during the winter

Stalin urged the city never to surrender

Another winter set in – and the Soviets launched a successful counterattack

Only 90,000 Germans surrendered/survived out of a 300,000 army

1 million Soviets died and the city of Stalingrad was destroyed

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Allied victory in

europe

June 6, 1944

Under command of general Dwight D. Eisenhower, forces ready to attack on the beaches of Normandy (D-Day)

Greatest land and sea attack in history

Allies had huge casualties but eventually marched into Paris and liberated France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of the Netherlands

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82RTzi5Vt7w

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Battle of the bulge

Allies advanced towards Germany from the West

Soviets advanced towards Germany from the East

Germany fighting a 2 front war

March 1945 – Allies entered Germany

Hitler married his girlfriend and then they both drank poison. He also shot himself.

May 7, 1945 – Gen. Eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender from Germany

V-E Day – Victory in Europe Day

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Review

Who won the Battle for Stalingrad?

Who lead the D Day invasion?

What was the purpose of D Day?

Who won The Battle of the Bulge?

When did Germany surrender?

Who accepted the German surrender?

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Victory in the pacific

Allies struggling against Japanese kamikaze – suicide pilots

Victory at Iwo Jima and Okinawa

President Truman demands Japan surrender or face a “rain of ruin from the air”

Manhattan Project – the building of the atomic bomb

Heavy decision based on calculation of lives lost if the Allies entered Japan

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August 6, 1945

Japanese city of 365,000

About 73,000 died in attack

Radiation = more deaths

August 9, 1945

City of 200,000

Killed 37,500

Radiation = more deaths

The Atomic bomb

HIROSHIMA

NAGASAKI

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Hiroshima: facts

Ground temperatures: 7,000 degrees

Farehneit

Hurricane force winds: 980 mph

Energy released: 20,000 tons of TNT

Buildings destroyed: 62,000

Killed immediately: 70,000

Dead by end of 1945: 140,000

Total deaths: 210,000

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Japanese surrender

Official surrender Sept. 2, 1945 aboard the

USS Missouri

to General Douglas MacArthur in Tokyo Bay

VJ Day

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Destruction of wWII

40 million Europeans died

2/3 were civilians

Billions of dollars in property damage

London, Warsaw, Berlin all destroyed

Civilians had no homes, food, jobs, cities

Famine set in – Berlin 1945 – 4,000 citizens died a day

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Review

Which 2 cities were atomic bombs dropped on?

Why did Truman decide to use the bombs?

When did Japan surrender?

Who accepted the Japanese surrender?

Did the war end in Europe

or Japan first?

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Reconstruction in

germany

February 1945 – U.S., Britain & Soviet Union met in Yalta

Agreed to divide Germany and Berlin into zones of occupation, controlled by Allied forces

The U.S. and Britain wanted to rebuild the German economy to help stabilize Europe

Stalin wanted to keep Germany weak and divided

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Western Berlin and Western Germany will become democratic due to the aid of W. Europe and the U.S.

The West will also become an economic power in postwar Europe

The East, controlled by Stalin will lag behind and become communist

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Nuremberg trials

Allies put Nazis on trial

Nuremberg, Germany – 22 Nazi leaders were put on trial

Charged with “crimes against humanity”

12 sentenced to death

11 hung and their bodies burned at Dachau – a concentration camp

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1. What was the meeting called where they divided up Germany?

2. Who controlled the Western portion of Germany?

3. Who controlled the Eastern portion of Germany?

4. How would you describe Eastern Germany?

5. How would you describe Western Germany?

6. Who was punished during the Nuremberg Trials?

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The united nations

50 countries

Goal – protect the members against aggression

Based in New York

Each nation could cast their vote on issues

Security council – 5 permanent members

Britain, China, France, U.S. & Soviet Union

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Universal declaration of human rights

Established and adopted by the United Nations

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was issued in 1948 to protect the dignity and rights of all people

Provide a code of conduct for the treatment of people under the protection of their government

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1. Which organization replaced The League of Nations?

2. Why is the UN better than the League of Nations?

3. What is the purpose of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

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Reconstruction in japan

2 million died

Atomic bomb destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Tokyo, the capital, also destroyed

Allies took away Japan’s colonial possessions

August 15, 1945 – Emperor Hirohito made a radio address urging his people to stop fighting and begin reconstructing Japan

Douglas MacArthur took charge of U.S. occupation in Japan

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MacArthur was determined to fairly control Japan but he needed to make sure his men were safe

Began process of demilitarization

Disbanded the Japanese army – eliminated aggressive abilities

Brought war criminals to trial – Hideki

Tojo

was hung

Created a “safe” Japan

Promised Japan the U.S would keep them safe

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Macarthur brings democracy & revives economy

The U.S. helped the Japanese create a new constitution that went into effect May 3, 1947

Japan now had a Parliamentary Democracy like Britain

Increased land ownership

U.S. gave Japan 2 billion dollars

Japan slowly began to emerge as a dominant economy in Asia

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1. Which person was in charge of the US occupation of Japan?

2. Why did Japan need to be demilitarized?

3. What happened to Hideki

Tojo

?

4. List 3 changes made to Japan.

5. Compare and contrast Post war Japan

and Germany.