Training on the hazards of hexavalent chromium in the workplace Developed by the Division of Occupational Safety amp Health DOSH for employee training April 2010 What This Training Will Cover ID: 1020765
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1. Hexavalent Chromium (chrome 6)Training on the hazards of hexavalent chromium in the workplaceDeveloped by the Division of Occupational Safety & Health (DOSH) for employee trainingApril, 2010
2. What This Training Will CoverCharacteristics of hexavalent chromiumHealth hazards of hexavalent chromiumHow you can be exposed to hexavalent chromiumControl of your hexavalent chromium exposureMedical surveillanceDOSH rules on hexavalent chromium
3. What is Hexavalent Chromium?(“chrome 6”)A toxic form of chromium metal, generally man-made.Used in many industrial applications, primarily for its anti-corrosive properties.Can be generated during welding on stainless steel or metal structures coated with chromate paint.Used in electroplating (chrome plating)
4. Products that contain hexavalent chromiumProductTypes of Hexavalent Chromium Chemicals pigments in paints, inks, and plasticslead chromate (chrome yellow, chrome green, molybdenum orange) zinc chromate barium chromate calcium chromate potassium dichromate sodium chromate anti-corrosion coatings (chrome plating, spray coatings) chromic trioxide (chromic acid) zinc chromate barium chromate calcium chromate sodium chromate strontium chromatestainless steel and other high chromium alloyshexavalent chromium (when cast, welded, or torch cut) textile dyesammonium dichromate potassium chromate potassium dichromate sodium chromate wood preservationchromium trioxideleather tanningammonium dichromate
5. Common jobs with potential chrome 6 exposure5Chrome plating or electroplatingWelding or cutting on stainless steel or grinding on objects painted with chromate paintPainting:Autobody repairAircraft spray painting
6. Other jobs with potential chrome 6 exposureRoad strip paintingbridge workChromium dye and catalyst productionGlass manufacturingPlastic colorant productionConstructionTraffic paintingRefractory brick restorationPaint removal from bridgesHazardous waste site work
7. How Can Hexavalent Chromium Enter the Body?Inhalation of dusts, mists, or fumes containing chrome 6 or hot processes that cause the formation of chrome 6 in fumes.Eye or skin contact with powder, dusts, or liquids containing chrome 6
8. Major Health EffectsLung cancerNasal septum ulcers or perforationsBronchitis or asthmaX-ray showing lung cancerPerforation of the nasal septum from chrome 6 exposure
9. Chrome 6 effects on skin“Chrome hole” on finger Skin ulcersAllergic and irritant contact dermatitisSkin effects are not likely in welding, but can occur in electroplating or painting
10. The following operations/work areas where you may be exposed to chrome 6 are: [List the operations or work areas where chrome 6 is present.]
11. Two limits for Chrome 6 in airPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL)8-hour average exposure limitAction Level (AL) half of the PEL5 micrograms per cubic meterin the air2.5 micrograms per cubic meterin the air
12. Air Monitoring for Chrome 6To determine your exposure to chrome 6, we have elected to do air monitoring using the following schedule:If initial Chrome 6 concentration is:Then:Below the ALNo further monitoringAt or above the ALMonitor every 6 monthsAbove the PELMonitor every 3 months
13. Other ways we have determined your chrome 6 exposure:[Indentify or describe how you have done this determination]
14. Notification of air monitoring resultsIf air monitoring shows chrome 6 levels in the air exceed the PEL we must: Notify you within 5 days in construction or within 15 days in general industry Describe to you in writing what corrective actions we will take to reduce your exposure below the PEL.
15. The results of our exposure determination were as follows:[List results here.]
16. Regulated AreasAreas where employee exposures do exceed or can be expected to exceed the PELThese area are clearly marked by: (describe method)Access is limited to: authorized persons required by work duties to be theredesignated representatives of employees for the purpose of observing monitoring proceduresemployees entering must be wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as a respirator.
17. Our Regulated Areas are as follows:[ List specific locations]
18. Controlling chrome 6 exposureExhaust ventilation is the most common way to reduce exposure to chrome 6 in the air.Placing the exhaust duct close to the welding point captures welding fume most effectively.Other types of engineering controls can be used to reduce amount of chrome 6 released into the air.
19. We use the following controls to reduce the amount of chrome 6 you are exposed to:19[List controls here]
20. Work practices to reduce chrome 6 exposureThere are several ways you can reduce your chrome 6 exposure:Always wear your respirator in the areas where it is required,Don’t eat, drink or smoke in the area where there is chrome 6,When you take a break, wash your hands before eating, drinking or smoking.
21. Welding work practicesWhen welding, keep your head out of the welding plume.Use available local exhaust ventilation at all times.
22. Welding in confined spacesWelding on stainless steel in a confined space will most likely require both exhaust ventilation and the use of respirators.
23. We follow these work practices:[List worksite-specific work practices that reduce or control exposures here.]
24. Types of Respirators for Chrome 6In some jobs involving chrome 6 exposure, you may need to wear a respirator.The type of respirator worn depends on the amount of chrome 6 in the air.We will provide you with the proper respirator and provide medical evaluations, fit-testing, and additional training.
25. If chrome 6 levels in the air are above the PEL the DOSH rule requires respirator use in the following cases:During time needed to install or implement engineering and work practice controls.During maintenance or repair operations where engineering and work practice controls are not feasibleOperations where all feasible controls have been used and exposures are still above the PEL .Operations where chrome 6 levels are above the PEL for less than 30 days per year. (your employer’s option.)Emergencies (uncontrolled releases of chrome 6)
26. Using RespiratorsRespirators must be worn at all times when the amount of chrome 6 in the air is above the permissible limit.Respirators must fit properly to prevent leaks.You must have a respirator medical evaluation before you wear a respirator.
27. Respirators Must Fit ProperlyIf You wear a respirator with cartridges you must have a fit-test done before you can use it.You can’t have a beard when you wear a tight-fitting respirator. We will train you on how to use your respirator.
28. Respirator Program RequiredWhen respirators are required, a respirator program will be followed that meets the requirements DOSH Respirator Regulations – WAC 296-842
29. Type of Respirator You Will UseList or describe what respirators must be used under what conditions, job tasks, or locations here]
30. Protective Work Clothing and EquipmentUse where skin or eye contact with chrome 6 will occur or is likely to occur. Normal welding PPE (welding helmet, gloves and welding leathers) is O.K. for weldersRemove all PPE when work shift or task is completed. Don’t wear or take it home.
31. Protective Work Clothing UseDon’t remove chrome 6 dust or residue from clothing by blowing, shaking, or any other means that disperses the dust into the air or onto the body.Don’t use compressed air to clean clothingDon’t shake out dusty coveralls or clothes
32. Laundering and Cleaning PPEWe will launder, repair and replace all protective clothing and other protective equipment for you.Put your contaminated PPE in a sealed bag for laundering or repair.The person doing these tasks has been informed of the hazards of chrome 6.
33. Hygiene Areas and PracticesIf you have a job where chrome 6 can get on your skin or in your eyes, we will provide the following:Change rooms – separate storage facilities for PPE and street clothesWashing facilities Be sure to wash hands and face:at the end of the work shiftbefore eating, drinking, smoking, chewing tobacco or gum, applying cosmetics, or using the toilet
34. HousekeepingKeep all surfaces as free as practicable of accumulations of dust containing chrome 6. Promptly clean up all spills and releases of chrome 6 containing materialsUse a HEPA vacuum or wet methods for cleaning areas contaminated with dust or other materials containing chrome 6Dispose of chrome 6 contaminated waste in labeled & sealed bags or containers.
35. Who Must Be Provided Medical Exams?Any employee exposed at or above the action level for 30 or more days per year. Any employee experiencing signs or symptoms of chrome 6 exposure.Any employee exposed in an uncontrolled release of large amounts of chrome 6 in any form.
36. Medical Exams (cont.)Are done by or under the supervision of a physician or other licensed health care professionalProvided at no cost to you at a reasonable place and time
37. Medical Exams will do the following:Determine if you can be exposed to Chrome 6 without experiencing adverse health effects.Identify chrome 6 related adverse health effects so that appropriate measures can be taken.Determine your fitness to use respirators.
38. Medical exams will include the following:Medical and work historyCr(VI) exposure (past, present, future)History of respiratory system dysfunctionHistory of asthma, dermatitis, skin ulceration or nasal system perforationSmoking status and historyPhysical examination, with emphasis on the respiratory tract and skinAny additional tests deemed appropriate by the healthcare professional
39. Medical Exams are offered:Within 30 days after initial assignment and annually thereafterWithin 30 days after a doctor recommends additional examinationsWhen employees shows signs or symptoms of Chrome 6 exposureWithin 30 days after exposure during an emergencyAt the termination of employment
40. Healthcare professional’s written medical opinionAfter your medical exam the health care professional will give a written medical opinion to us within thirty daysSpecific findings or diagnoses unrelated to occupational exposure to chrome 6 will be not revealed to usWe will give you a copy of the written medical opinion within two weeks after we receive it
41. Worksite Medical Surveillance Program[Describe details of your worksite specific medical surveillance program here.]
42. Medical and Air Monitoring RecordsYou have the right to see any of your medical records related to Cr(VI).You also have the right to see results of any air sampling we have done, or other chrome 6 exposure data we have used.
43. Hexavalent Chromium RegulationsThe WISHA regulation onHexavalent Chromium – WAC 296-62-08003contains much more in detail information.A copy of this standard is available from the local L&I office.
44. What Does the Standard Cover?Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)Exposure DeterminationRegulated areas*Methods of ComplianceRespiratory ProtectionMedical SurveillanceProtective Work Clothing and EquipmentHygiene Areas and PracticesHousekeeping*Communication of Hazards Recordkeeping* General Industry only