Business Decision Modeling Jacob Feldman PhD OpenRules Inc CTO wwwOpenRulescom Outline GoalOrientation Building simple decision models using the goaloriented approach Dependencies between business goals within decision models ID: 725856
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© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
Goal-OrientedBusiness Decision Modeling Jacob Feldman, PhDOpenRules. Inc., CTO www.OpenRules.com Slide2
OutlineGoal-OrientationBuilding simple decision models using the goal-oriented approachDependencies between business goals within decision modelsGoal-oriented Decision Engine © 2018 OpenRules, Inc.2Slide3
Classic Goal-OrientationKey declarative principle:Concentrate on “WHAT” not on “HOW”Origin: Logic ProgrammingYou only need to specify the goals (WHAT)But not the strategy to reach this goal (HOW)The execution engine figures it out automatically!© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.3Slide4
Comparing Logic Programming and Business Decision Modeling© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.4
FeaturesLogic ProgrammingBusiness Decision Modeling
Target Audience
Software Developers
Business Analysts
WHAT
:
Specifying Goals
A formal programming language such as Prolog or a special CSP modeling language
Decision Tables and other DMN-like constructs
HOW
:
Strategy to Reach Goal
- Usually not required
- Heuristics may be configured using goals to expedite the search
- Required for sequential engines
- Not required for inferential engines
Execution Engine
Prolog or a constraint solver in Java/C++/…
Rule EngineSlide5
Goal-Oriented Approachto Business Decision ModelingBuilding a decision model can be considered as a process of specifying its goals and subgoalsWhen all goals and subgoals are specified, the decision model should be considered “ready to be executed”© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.5Slide6
Goal-Oriented Approachto Business Decision ModelingDecision Model consists ofGlossary with Decision VariablesGoals connected using Business RulesBusiness Rules specify goals and subgoalsDo not ask a user to specify any strategy that specifies how to reach the goals (such as dependencies between goals or arrows on DRG)It is a responsibility of the decision engine!© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.6Slide7
Building a Sample Decision Model “Vacation Days”
© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
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Problem Description
Source:
www.DMCommunity.orgSlide8
What is the Goal of this decision model?The Goal of this decision model is to define vacation days for every Employee based on age and years of serviceGoal = Vacation DaysWe start with creation of the business Glossary© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.8Slide9
Building Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.9Goal = Vacation Days
3 Subgoals
Add these 3 subgoals to the GlossarySlide10
Building Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.10
Define the first subgoal for 5 extra days
Add these variables to Glossary
2 New
VariablesSlide11
Building Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.11
Define the second
subgoal
for 3 extra days Slide12
Building Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.12
Define the third
subgoal
for 2 extra daysSlide13
Complete Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
13
This decision model is ready to be executed against test or real dataSlide14
Glossary Glossary is a focal point of a decision model:It represents a view from the model to the worldIt links all decision tables using Excel hyperlinks :© 2003-2018 OpenRules, Inc.14Slide15
A bit more complex problemEvaluate Credit Card ApplicationGoals and Subgoals:© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.15Slide16
More Complex Decision Model View© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
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Glossary
The number of decision variables and decision tables have a tendency to grow quickly.
If we ask a user to draw
diagrams with links (arrows) between all of them, they quickly become unmanageableSlide17
Decision Model Without Links© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.17
Decision ModelGlossary
Specified
Goal-1
Specified
Goal-2
Specified
Goal-3
Specified
Goal-5
Specified
Goal-6
Specified
Goal-4
Specified
Goal-n
A Decision Model can be implemented as a Glossary surrounded by Specified Goals
We should not ask a user to define any dependencies between the goals or their execution order
This should be a responsibility of Decision Engine
No linksSlide18
Decision Execution EngineExpected Capabilities:Recognizing internal structure of the decision model and dependencies between goals and input variablesCalculating execution order for all goalsExecuting decision models to reach any specified goalExplaining produced decisions© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.18Slide19
Dependencies Between GoalsWhere are dependencies defined?© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.19
In the titles decision table conditions
Inside decision tables cells
(FEEL expressions in DMN)
Inside iteration tables
Inside complex boxed expressions and functionsSlide20
Example of a Goal-Oriented Decision EngineOpenRules Release 7.0.0Extracts all dependencies between goals and subgoals directly from decision tables including complex embedded iterationsAutomatically builds an execution path for any specified goalTables of the type “Decision” that specify an execution order for different decision tables can be generated automatically© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.20Slide21
Executing Decision Model© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.21
Decision ModelTest Cases or Real Data
Execution Results
Explanations
OpenRules Engine
Glossary
Decision Table
Goal-1
Decision Table
Goal-2
Decision Table
Goal-3
Decision Table
Goal-4Slide22
Decision Model Analyzer© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.22Slide23
Execution Results w/Explanations© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
23Slide24
© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
www.OpenRules.com SUMMARY: How to Create a working Decision Model
with Excel and OpenRules
Business analyst creates:
Business Glossary
Decision Tables for all business goals
OpenRules Engine does the restSlide25
© 2018 OpenRules, Inc.
Thank you!QnAwww.OpenRules.com