: According to the Pain in Europe Study, about one in �ve - PDF document

OBJECTIVE : According to the Pain in Europe Study, about one in �ve EU adults have chronic pain. Back pain / lower back pain is amon g t he most commonly cited loca�on of pain 1 . Addi�onally, research has suggested that pain has a nega�ve impact on su�erers‘ mental health, employment, sleep, and personal rela�onships 2 . This analysis pro�les and compares adults experiencing back pain to adults without pain across 5EU. aETHO5S: Results were taken from the 2011 5EU Na�onal Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), a na�onally representa�ve, self - administered survey. Respondents were adults age 18 and over from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK. This analysis focuses on adults di agnosed with back pain and experienced pain as a result of back problems in the past month (“pa�ents with back pain”). Quality of life was me asu red using the SF12v2 3 scale. Ac�vity impairment was measured using the Work Produc�vity and Ac�vity Impairment 4 scale. RESULTS: Out of the total sample of N=57,512, ~10% (N=5,984) have back pain. Rela�ve to adults without pain, back pain su�erers are ol der on average (48.9 vs. 46.3), more likely to be women (57% vs. 48%), and obese (27% vs. 16%). Their overall mental and physical q ual ity of life scores are signi�cantly lower (43.2 vs. 47.9, p<0.001 and 40.3 vs. 50.9, p<0.001). In addi�on, back pain su�erers exhibited more wor k i mpairment (absenteeism and presenteeism) and ac�vity impairment and u�lized healthcare resources to a greater extent than non - su�erers (i.e., greate r physician visits, hospitaliza�on, and ER). All these results are notably higher among back pain pa�ents treated with a prescrip�on. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the prevalence of back pain among adults, the level of work impairment and quality of life limita�ons impact a substan�al por�on of adults in the 5EU popula�on. Improvements in treatment of back pain are needed to reduce this burden . ABSTRACT PSY62  Among pa�ents with back pain, 68% (N=4,074) reported chronic back pain (experienced back pain for 6 months or longer), and of them, 54% experienced pain daily, 26% 2 - 6 �mes a week, 19% weekly or less. The remaining back pain pa�ents either don’t remember how long they have experienced back pain, 27% (N=1,642), or reported acute back pain (experienced back pain less than 6 months), 5% (N=268) (data not shown).  With respect to overall mental and physical quality of life scores, back pain su�erers had signi�cantly lower scores than adults without pain (mental: 43.2 vs. 47.9, p < 0.001͖ physical: 40.3 vs. 50.9, p < 0.001)͖ see Figure 3 .  Back pain su�erers also exhibited more work impairment (absenteeism and presenteeism) which translates into lost produc�vity. Ac�vity impairment is also higher amongst back pain su�erers, limi�ng their abili�es in performing basic household tasks͖ see Table 2 .  Back pain su�erers also u�lize healthcare resources to a greater extent than non - su�erers (i.e., greater physician visits, hospitaliza�on, and ER)͖ see Table 2 .  aany medical condi�ons and health problems, such as stress, can cause back pain that can o�en result in limited social ac�vi�es and absense from work. Back pain is the leading cause for economic burden on individuals, families, industries, and governments 5 . One study in the UK es�mates the cost of back pain between 1 - 2% of GNP 6 . As the popula�on grows and ages, the prevalence of back pain problems is expected to con�nue to rise. BACKGROUN5 5ata Source  The Na�onal Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) is a cross - sec�onal survey, N=57,512, interviewing adults (age 18+) who were iden��ed through a web - based panel and were interviewed during September - 5ecember 2011. CAWI was used to support a representa�ve sample in the older popula�on of some countries (age>=65). Respondents were adults age 18 and over from France (N=15,000), Germany (N=15,001), Italy (N=7,500), Spain (N=5,011), and UK (N=15,000). Sample  This analysis focuses on adults diagnosed with back pain and experienced back pain in the past month (“pa�ents with back pain”), N=5,984. The following two ques�ons were used to de�ne the back pain popula�on: – “Please indicate which of the following condi�ons have caused you to feel pain in the past month.” – “What type of pain were you diagnosed with?”  If respondents selected “back problem” at both ques�ons, they were included in this analysis as “pa�ents with back pain.” aeasures  Sociodemographics and Health History: Age, gender, body mass Index (BaI), smoking history, exercise, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and number of medica�ons taken for any condi�on were assessed.  Health Related Quality of Life: HRQoL was measured using the SF12v2 3 scale and calcula�ng the aental Component Summary (aCS) and Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores.  Work Impairment: Work - related impairment was measured using the Work Produc�vity and Ac�vity Impairment (WPAI) 4 scale. Absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment were calculated for respondents in full - �me employment while ac�vity impairment was assessed for all respondents.  Healthcare Resource U�liza�on: Physician visits, hospitaliza�on, and emergency visits for any condi�on in the past six months were calculated for all respondents.  Sta�s�cal Analysis: Sta�s�cal tests used for this analysis include chi - squared tests for categorical variables and t - tests for con�nuous variables. All stated di�erences were sta�s�cally di�erent (p<0.05). All results were based on unweighted values. aETHO5S  Compared to adults without pain, back pain su�erers are older on average (48.9 vs. 46.3), more likely to be female (57% vs. 48%), and obese (BaI > 30͖ 27% vs. 16%).  5ue to their greater comorbidity burden, back pain su�erers are also more likely to treat with more medica�ons on average for any condi�on than adults without pain (4.67 vs. 1.68 medica�ons on average).  The di�erences seen in characteris�cs such as gender, age, obesity, smoking history, and exercise results are more prominent amongst those trea�ng their back pain with a prescrip�on medica�on (Rx) rela�ve to those who are untreated with an Rx͖ see Table 1 . References 1. Fricker, Janet. Pain in Europe – A Report. aundipharma Interna�onal Limited. 2. acCarberg BH, et al. The impact of pain on quality of life and the unmet needs of pain management: results from pain su�er ers and physicians par�cipa�ng in an Internet survey. American Journal of Therapeu�cs , 15 (2008) p. 312 - 320. 3. Ware JE, Kosinski a, Turner - Bowker 5a, Gandek B. How to score version 2 of the SF - 12 health survey. Qualityaetric Incorporated , Lincoln, RI (2005). 4. Reilly aC, Zbrozek AS, 5ukes Ea. The validity and reproducibility of a work produc�vity and ac�vity impairment instrument. Pharmacoeconomics , (1993) 4:353 - 65. 5. Andersson GBJ. The Epidemiology of Spinal 5isorders. In Frymoyer JW (ed.) The Adult Spine: Principles and Prac�ce. Phil ade lphia, Lippinco� - Raven, 1997, p. 93 - 141. 6. ausculoskeletal Health in EuropeReport v5.0. The Execu�ve Agency for Health and Consumers, p. 140.  This analysis pro�les and compares adults experiencing back pain in the past month and diagnosed with back pain to adults without pain across 5EU with respect to their quality of life, work impairment, and healthcare resource u�liza�on. OBJECTIVE Poster Presented at the ISPOR 16th Annual European Congress │ 2 - 6 November 2013 │ 5ublin, Ireland ©Copyright  2013 Kantar Health, 1 Independence Way  Suite 220, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, 609 - 720 - 5480 www.kantarhealth.com  Out of the total sample of N=57,512, ~10% (N=5,984) of respondents have back pain͖ see Figure 1 .  In the 5EU popula�on, 17% (N=9,701) of the adult popula�on experienced back problem, followed by joint pain 11% (N=6,504), and headache 10% (N=5,490) in the past month͖ see Figure 2 . RESULTS  Considering the prevalence of back pain among adults in the 5EU, the level of work impairment and quality of life limita�ons impact a substan�al por�on of adults in the 5EU popula�on.  Improvements in treatment and management of back pain may help reduce this burden on pa�ents and on the healthcare systems within these countries. CONCLUSIONS Pro�le of Back Pain Su�erers Across 5EU Countries Nikole�a Sternbach, BBA 1 ͖ Kathy Annunziata, aA 2 ͖ Gina Isherwood, Ph5 3 Health Outcomes Prac�ce 1 Kantar Health, New York, NY, USA͖ 2 Kantar Health, Princeton, NJ, USA͖ 3 Kantar Health, Epsom, Surrey, UK Figure 1: Prevalence of Back Pain in 5EU Total 5EU NHWS 2011 Adult Popula�on (N=57,512) Not Experiencing Pain (N=41,172 / 72%) 5iagnosed Back Pain and Experiencing Back Pain in the Past aonth (N=5,984 / 10% of Total) Experiencing Pain (N=16,340 / 28%) Figure 2: Top 5 Pain Types Experienced in the Past aonth Within Total 5EU Adult Popula�on Base N=57,512 Table 2: Work Produc�vity and Ac�vity Impairment (WPAI) 4 and Healthcare Resource U�liza�on Among Pa�ents Without Pain or With Back Pain Note: p values <0.05 were considered sta�s�cally signi�cant. Table 1: 5emographic and Health 5i�erences Among Pa�ents Without Pain or With Back Pain Note: p values <0.05 were considered sta�s�cally signi�cant. Figure 3: aental and Physical Component Summary Score Among Pa�ents Without Pain or With Back Pain Note: p<0.001 for mental and physical scores.