An̄ntroduਅion̅o Tilde - PDF document

An̄ntroduਅion̅o Tilde Prฐขtatଇn ܂ ᄃFOᐔ to܍ for Lऑ dทญo᠙ขt Býndrew̚aileᬝ̞Tጝ̌anԑlus &́llen̠eeksᴃLead̏rogrammerᴃ Tanԑlus. mailto:andrew@tantalus.com.au mailto:aweeks@tantalus.com.au ጗erᜋew Why Lऑ? Quଊk Lऑ Iȅr܈ऊti܂. Why Tiഈe? Quଊk Fฑtआe sฅ ܗฆv଎w. Soഉti܂s ऐଂ∃Lऑ ᄂࠃT଍ࠎ. Hܜ to ଂstᄍഃᄂࠃଙpഎmขt. T☎ Fअआร Whฆe to ∎t ଅ. Why Lua? Game ࠎᜎഇ᠙ขt ᠆ܫഎms Slow turnaround on ਇde changes Conဋစent frame rates Compli਑ted and ineffi਋ent game logic C+Ⰳစate maਦines Polling ⴅickိ inefficient C+Ⰳfixed ⼆un tiᤎ〃਍aတ hieؑrchies Code refactoring downtime Unreਇᜎrable ਆaဦeဲasဎrtဃwhen anᬅhing goes wrong C+ⰃPointerဳ (not worth reਇᜎring aဃanᬃᤎᤇrᬃ਑n be traဦed). …ᬃLua?̯concepԐ) ᘉᄃଐ ᄃprܢrᄙmଂg ഑n∉ᄢe, ȇt a scrଘtiȢ ഑n∉a∎. Use ଅ f܆ Gᄙฃlܢic, n܅ ဎrvicฐ. Gar⬑gฃc܍എctor ᄐ mน܆y mᄂᄢฆ (ȇ എaks). ⠉ick̖ua ЂԆoduciton Whᄅ ଐ Lऑ? Fr om̦ԅp␲㈜ww⌍ua⌇rg㈑bouԣhԙl̤- An Ѕ؄ Їduciంlคఃr༎Ѝtsa༒uctsa༎ЊOScff SlcІLito༅vsI l vsn scp An ЖdOStvcrІtOolcЇidᘊfni lІmv༃BЉt༑ЇduciంlЕ ༃I fcrᘋto༅dvЖdvr་nL༆Д rcfЈvЃr؈ᘅ ༅ycЃii mrЃvfI cB༊vrtSlcІcO v༅LؘЁn ЅrЕᤗ OtL llᤄ༙ocfคinv؄SmI tv༊ioic༅vsДᤏcLdfcЌdiЃЋcstr༊iFS ؊fЛti༂ lГ ᘑtvcค vfБ rЃn༈O ༅LГcOdiᤄO v scOcv༄ut༑ЅvLicOcv༃lI s iS scЖdllcL༅dvคO wtvsЅ༄tfc lЌdiЖdvఅsni ༅dvค rLito༅vsค vfЋ otfЇid༈༙otvsp ⠉ick̖ua ЂԆoduciton Why ch܇ဎ Lऑ✃ (ᄢᄋn from t☎ sଅe) Lua iဃa proᜎn, robust language Lua iဃfast Lua iဃportable Lua iဃembeddable Lua iဃpowerful (but simple) Lua iဃsmall Lua iဃfree …y̌ilde? Dชଈeࠃto usฃLऑ That only too℃a de਑de. It's a ᠆ܢrammଂ∃ ഑n∉a∎, ଅ Ȏจs ࠎ⬉g∋n∣ You are ℋdding yourself if ᬇu thin℃not. Cܙmฆciᄍ ᄂd Freฃ Dหढ∎r ᄗᄋ഑⬋ഋty Poor Writฃ܉r ܜȣ Too℃one wee℃to do POC version. ⠉iਡ Feaԉre̔eԃ጗erᜋew ᘉᄃdหu∢ฆ feᄅआes Breakpoints Stepping Stack trace Lo਑l variableဃand upᜑlues Watches Expanding tables and userdata Viewing table and userdata metadata Threads Filtering in variable windows Catਦing Lua errors Script downloading and execution Lua ਇnဇle Console snippets Ac ⠉iਡ Feaԉre̔eԃ጗erᜋew Edଅ܆ fฑtआes Sour਎ ਇntrol integration 'Folding' editor Find and replace Find file in project Customi㨑ble projeਅ file formats AA Soluԋons̉ဋng Lua anďilde U᠍ܑࠋn∃ܕ Ȏw c܈ฃt܃ruȂiȢ ∑me Tଙฃ⬉d∎tଂg v଑ r܉Ȉ rܫଂ schจuഋȢ Writଂg gᄙe ഇ∋ਃ ऐଂ∃ਇ-r܉tiȎs ᄂࠃbഇcℋȢ c܂ࠋti܂s An Soluԋons̉ဋng Lua anďilde Whข ᘉa coࠎ cᄉsฐ ᄂ ฆror it 㤉စ stܘs rंȋn∝ ဇ a bug in an unrelated part of the game to that being worℎd on doeဂ't cauဎ the game to halt errors in code under development ਑n be reਇᜎred from, allowing the programmer to trᬃa new ᜎrဋon without resetting the game Lua will eventually garbage-collect objectဃwhen code is စopped unexpectedly A How̉sing̖uȃnd Tilde̦as ਦanged̅he way̜e̙ake̢ames We wrଅฃ∑mฃਇdฃ ଂ two ഑ᬎrs: ȑtଗe ᄂࠃsਆଘt wଅ☃ cऐtܙ ᘉᄃbଂdଂg ∍ue T଍dฃlฅs ऐ ฮecअe c܈ฃဂଘ᠎tဃwe ขtฆ oȃt☎ Pḝ ᄍlܜiȢ us t܃ ฮpฆimขt or recܗer frܙ errors (eࠋt ᄂd c܂tଂuฃt☑t works) ᘉa C++ ഫଂd AI How̉sing̖uȃnd Tilde̦as ਦanged̅he way̜e̙ake̢ames Dทญo᠙ขt ⬉଍ࠐ wฆฃmऊh m܆e sta⬍ฃt☑ȃᰋt☃܅hฆ ᠆o㤎ਅs, so thฃgᄙฃ wᄐ ᄍwᄛs ᠍ᄛa⬍e t܃sܙฃexteȅ. Rंtଙฃ㔉c℃typଂg frฎs us from ȑrrܜ ଂhฆଅᄂcฃ ☋erᄆਦ଎s. At How̉sing̖uȃnd Tilde̦as ਦanged̅he way̜e̙ake̢ames C܈ଂ∃staȈᄆds aȈ pᄅtฆns nฎdจ ⬎cᄉsฃof എss strଊt cܙ᠋എr ਦeckଂg. T☋s s܉Ȉs Ȏ∑tଗฃ⬉t ଐ ᄃg܇d thଂ∣ T଍dฃlฅs ऐ maȑgฃt☎ ऐᄢฃܕ t☆eᄈs ଂ ᘉᄣ T଍dฃis ᄃmଂଙᄍ ฮteȐi⬍e framew܆℃for ऐ t܃น⬎d ܉r ܜȃt܇ഐ; thฃᘉa ࠎ⬉∢er ଐ ଅseക a ᠍ढin We coऍd ࠎᜎഇ᠃thฃขtଆฃgᄙฃwଅhଂ T଍dฝ ଂclईଂg C++ coࠋn∃(IDE rธlᄊemeȅ) Ar Dealing̜ith̖ua issues Gar⬑gฃc܍എctor ᠎rformᄂce ‎ run the GC incrementallᬃunder a time budget so it alwayဃtakes a fixed portion of the frame; it completes a cᬊle eᜎrᬃ5 to 10 seਇnds. Destructors don't exeਉte immediatelᬝ so we need to diဘose resourceဃwhen we have finished with them (ਦange our low-leᜎl resource handling a bit). Muഅ଴ਇre ᠎rf܆maȊe Non isဉe, Lua shouldn't be uဋng more than one core. LVM iဃnot really re-entrant. Via the ਇ-routineဃmakes it easier to ညhedule multi-ਇre C++ ဎrᜋ਎ ਇde. C++ Thread ညheduler needs OS thread mutexing. Ao Framework WinFormsUI CorePlugins ScintillaNET LuaDebugger LuaSocketConnection TildeApp Tildérchitecture Opข s܉rcฃlଫrᄆ଎s arฃusจ ฮtขဋvญy: Scintilla - fullᬃfeatured ရnta⸴highlighting text editor ਇntrol Docℏanel Suite - Viဉal Studio-စᬍe window doਡing Archଅectआฃis ᠍u∢ᄫlฃaȈ ଐ bᄐeࠃoȃa moࠎലv଎w frᄙผ܆k Aങܐt ทฆyt☋Ȣ ଂ Tiഈฃଐ a ᠍u∋Ȥ Documents and doਉment editors Project file Sour਎ ਇntrol Lua debugger Debugger transport laᬎr Ad How̅o insԑll̑nd̋mplement Iȅยratଂ∃t☎ ഉa ࠎbढ∎r Add̅he̅ilde̐ource̕iles̅ơour̘rojecԃbuild̐ᬐԎm. Modiᔛ̊onᔋguraԋon̕iles̑ဃrequiredᴃand̘aԊh̖ua source. E⸅end̗irԉal̊lasses̐o̅he̦osԃਇde̜orkဃin̛our game̎ngine̎nvironmenԣ Modiᔛ̅he̙ain̍ooṗᔃᬇuȓpplicaԋon̅őnsԑnce̅he hosԃ਍assᴃand̅ick̎ach̕rame. There̋ဃan̎xample̕oȓ̏C̋mplemenԑԋon. Au The Future Nผ feᄅआฐ 'Intellisenဎ' Brea℘ointဃਇnditional on Lua e⸘resဋons Support for more sour਎- control providerဃ(only Perforce atm) Support for more projeਅ file formatဃ(only .ᜊproj atm) Cuစomi㨑ble shortcut ℎys nc The Future D܊ङขtᄅi܂ Full uဎr doਉmentation Full deᜎloper doਉmentation Baဋc maintainer doਉmentation (for people maintaining or modifᬋng Tilde) nA …ere̅o get̋t ᄕor∎.Ȏt/᠆ܹects/t଍ࠎ ᘋcขဎ MIT Contribution licenဎ not yet nn Quesԋons? U㬖's http://www.tantalus.ਇm.au/tilde http://luaforge.net/projectဲtilde http://www.lua.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiℋ/Duc⅃typing