Chapter 4 Ancient Rome Etruscan Influence Architecture Etruscan Temples Steps only on one side Deep front porch Enclosed area cella is divided into three rooms Etruscan Influence Architecture ID: 762789
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Chapter 4: Ancient Rome
Etruscan InfluenceArchitecture Etruscan TemplesSteps only on one side. Deep front porch. Enclosed area ( cella) is divided into three rooms.
Etruscan Influence ArchitectureEtruscan Tombs Two types: Corbeled domesRock cut chambers forming rectangular rooms. They were made with tufa, a type of stone that hardens when exposed to the air.
Etruscan InfluenceArchitecture Etruscan TombsThey tended to replicate home-life . Men and women appeared to be equal in status.
Etruscan InfluenceEtruscan Sculpture Capitoline She-WolfThis was a bronze sculpture created ca. 500 B.C.E. The twins, Romulus and Remus , were later added by the Romans.
The Roman Republic Social StructureClasses Patricians : land-owning aristocrats. Plebeians: poor class. Slaves Commonly captured in war. Also debtors.
The Roman Republic Social StructurePietas is the total obedience to the father of the household. Government, in regard to class, was supposed to work in the same fashion. Patricians were the adults when compared to the plebeians.
The Roman Republic Social StructureThe patricians also were patrons in some cases. If they favored a particular art, they would support the artist, becoming their patron.
The Roman RepublicMilitary Expansion Punic WarsIt began over the ownership of Sicily . The war was fought against the African city-state, Carthage .
The Roman RepublicMilitary Expansion Punic WarsThe Carthaginians were descended from the Phoenicians . The Latin term for Phoenician is Punic.
The Roman Republic Military ExpansionJulius CaesarHe conquered Gaul, modern France. He manipulated the Roman Senate into declaring him dictator for life.
The Roman Republic Military ExpansionJulius CaesarHe was later assassinated on March 15, 45 B.C.E. This led to a civil war that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic .
The Roman Republic Roman ArtThey copied the Greeks . They focused on “ larger than life images.” They also displayed real people as opposed to mythical and perfect figures.They also created imagines, death-masks.
The Roman Republic Roman ArtArchitectureComposite order were columns in which they combined the acanthus leaves and the volutes. Corinthian columns were commonly used in Rome. Engaged columns were aesthetic columns that had no structural support.
The Roman RepublicRoman Art ArchitectureEngineering AdvancesConcrete The Arch The Dome
The Roman Republic Roman ArtArchitectureEngineering AdvancesThe Aqueduct which brought fresh water to Rome from mountains seven miles away. Road construction.
The Roman RepublicRoman Literature Catullus wrote love poems . Plautus and Terence both wrote comedic-dramas . Catullus Plautus Terence
The Roman Empire Octavian Caesar (r. 27 B.C.E-14 C.E.) He was Julius Caesar’s adopted son and nephew. He ended the civil war, avenging his uncle, and eventually became the Augustus .
The Roman EmpireOctavian Caesar His administration and conquest would develop the Pax Romana or “Roman Peace.” Within the empire, trade and the economy were escalated.
The Roman Empire The Decline of the EmpireRome would experience approximately 170 years of successful emperors.However, with the rise of Commodus, the empire began to slowly crumble.
The Roman Empire The Decline of the EmpireEmperor Diocletian divided the empire into a tetrarchy which helped to prolong the downfall of Rome.
The Roman Empire The Decline of the EmpireEmperor Constantine He restored the empire. However, he moved the capital to Byzantium, which became known as Constantinople. This move would save the Eastern Empire ( Byzantium ) but destroy the Western Empire.
The Roman Empire The Decline of the EmpireRomulus Augustulus He was the child emperor. He was deposed by the Goth, Odovacer in 476 C. E. This brought the official end of the Western Roman Empire.
The Roman Empire Music of the EmpireIt was loud and aggressive (militaristic).Instruments Tuba Hydraulos (water power organ)
The Roman EmpireArchitecture of the Empire Roman Forum was the center of city life and resembled the Greek agora .
The Roman EmpireArchitecture of the Empire Colosseum was an amphitheatre (amphi = both and theatre = semicircle) used for sporting events.
The Roman EmpireArchitecture of the Empire Pantheon It has an interior circular room and is dedicated to all the gods.
The Roman Empire Architecture of the EmpirePantheon The top has an oculus (eye) that allows light in. Coffers are the square indentation that were overlaid with gold, reflecting light into the interior.
The Roman EmpireSculptures of the Empire Augustus of Primaporta
The Roman Empire Sculptures of the EmpireAra Pacis (Altar of Peace)First real use of perspective in sculpting.
The Roman Empire Sculptures of the EmpireColumn of TrajanRoman columns were built to celebrate victories .
The Roman Empire Sculptures of the EmpireEquestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius
The Roman Empire Sculptures of the EmpireThe Head of CaracallaOne of the first sculptures to show stress . Pupils and irises carved.Brow is contracted and the head furrowed.
The Roman Empire Sculptures of the EmpireThe Head of ConstantineShown as both mystical and majestic.
The Roman EmpireSculptures of the Empire The Arch of Constantine
The Roman EmpirePaintings of the Empire The only type of paintings to survive were murals (wall paintings). First Style: The wall is given the illusion of marble.
The Roman Empire Paintings of the EmpireSecond Style (cubiculum): creates open spaces using perspective , which is inconsistent.
The Roman EmpirePaintings of the Empire Third Style: is ornamental or ornamented with an emphasis on monochromic . RedBlackWhite
The Roman Empire Paintings of the EmpireFourth Style: is a blending of all three previous styles.
The Roman Empire Stoicism of the EmpireThe two main adherents of stoicism in the empire were Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius . Epictetus Marcus Aurelius
The Roman Empire Historians of the EmpireSallust He wrote about the corruption of Roman politics.
The Roman Empire Historians of the EmpireLivy He wrote Rome’s most extensive history .
The Roman Empire Historians of the EmpireTacitus He analyzed the decline of political freedom and the increasing role of dynastic power .
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpireVirgil He wrote The Aeneid, a Roman epic recounting the founding of the city and its history.
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpireGaius Lucilius He was one of the best known satirists (this was the only new contribution the Romans made to writing).
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpireHorace He was well known for his odes (lyrical poems).
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpireOvid He was wrote witty and ironic poems .
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpireSeneca He wrote revenge tragedy .
The Roman Empire Literature of the EmpirePetronius He created a realistic picture of the manners, luxuries, and vices of the age.