Down Syndrome - PowerPoint Presentation

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Down Syndrome

By: Jessica KotelnickiSlide2

What is it?

A developmental disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

Having this extra chromosome means that each gene may be producing more protein then normal

The condition leads to impairments in both cognitive ability and physical growth that range from mild to moderate.Slide3

What They Think…

An individual with Down

S

yndrome, I believe, would not be offended by the previous definition of their disability.

The previous definition explains the scientific reasoning of their disability. However, the second part of the definition is questionable.

Even though most individuals with Down Syndrome have learning disabilities, they may argue the fact and say they are very intelligent.Slide4

How Do People Get Down Syndrome?

There is an error in the cell division called “nondisjunction”

This results in an embryo with 3 copies of chromosome instead of 2

If a pair of number 21 chromosomes fail to separate during formation of an egg

There is no true cause to down syndrome, but studies have shown that chances increase as women age.Slide5

History

1959- Jerome Lejeune, a geneticist, discovered that Down Syndrome occurs as a result of a copy of chromosome 21

The syndrome was not technically named Down Syndrome until 35 years ago by a man named Dr. John Langdon Down

He was the first doctor to be able to describe the syndromeSlide6

History

In the past, people who had Down Syndrome could not go to school because people did not think they could learn.

Babies who had Down Syndrome were put into institutions.

In the last 25 years doctors and educators have been finding out that children with Down Syndrome learn better raised at home the same way as anyone else.Slide7

How is Down Syndrome Diagnosed?

During a women’s pregnancy two types of tests are performed to check for Down Syndrome:

Screening

- Done to identify a mother who is likely carrying a baby with Down Syndrome

Diagnostic-

Triple Screen and Alpha-Fetoprotein PlusSlide8

How is Down Syndrome Diagnosed?

Ultrasounds also allow the doctor to examine the fetus in the womb for physical signs of Down Syndrome.

If traces of Down Syndrome were not found during pregnancy, doctors can usually tell after birth by physical features the baby has.Slide9

Symptoms

Facial features:

Flatten nose, small mouth, long tongue, small ears, and upward slanted eyes

Hands are short with broad short fingers

Decreased muscle tone

Normal growth and development are delayed

Will not usually hit “normal” height

Decreased life expectancy

Average age = 50 years oldSlide10

Is There a Cure?

The is currently no cure for Down SyndromeInstead, those who are diagnosed with Down Syndrome go to physical and/or speech therapy regularly.Slide11

Education

Parents of children with Down Syndrome face the dilemma of deciding which type of school their child should attend.

Many have been opting out of special schools created specifically for Down Syndrome children.

Recently inclusion in mainstream schools have been the more common choice

Inclusion is an important step toward later inclusion in the community.Slide12

Accommodations in the Classroom

Children with Down Syndrome will need special accommodations and curriculum modifications in the classroom. However, because children are all so different, teachers have to incorporate their IEP expectations into their lesson plans.

However, some examples of accommodations could be making a test/quiz “easier” with less content or written “easier” to comprehend. Also, by only teaching them the main points of a lesson.Slide13

Challenges in the Classroom

Low self-esteemShort attention spam

Distractions

Speech and language

Behavioral IssuesSlide14

Intellectual Disabilities

Children with Down Syndrome are accompanied by intellectual disabilities.

These children will score below-average on a test of mental ability.

Difficulties functioning in areas of daily life.

Such as communication, self-care, and getting along in social situations and school activities.

Children with intellectual disability can learn new skills, but they develop more slowly than children with average intelligence and adaptive skills.

Children have disabilities across all the subjects including math, reading, writing, etc.Slide15

Challenges Socially

Children with Down Syndrome are usually very friendly, however;

Kids with Down Syndrome can feel isolated at times

They have trouble communicating clearly

Most children with Down Syndrome are socially immature and find it difficult to keep up with other children their age physically, emotionally and cognitively

Relationships with kids who do not have Down Syndrome are often lopsided

The kids Down Syndrome tend to want more from the friendships than the other kids do. Slide16

Works Cited

http://library.thinkquest.org/3880/history.html

http://www.ndss.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=34&Itemid=55

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/down/

http://downsyndrome.com/what-is-down-syndrome/

http://specialed.about.com/od/disabilities/a/downs.htm

http://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/29680.aspx

http://www.care.com/special-needs-caring-for-a-child-with-down-syndrome-p1167-q16876.html#How can I adjust to having a child with Down syndrome?

http://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/29680.aspx

http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dd/ddmr.htm