I IKIYAGO UMWIGISHA NDAYISABA Joseph AJEJWE IGISATA CHAIRE UNESCO MURI KAMINUZA YUBURUNDI CELAB 22 mars 2017 Tuzirikane Umwe mubo mukorana arabatera ishavu Arikundwakaza ID: 805837
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Slide1
UMUTI W’UKUTUMVIKANANI IKIYAGO
UMWIGISHA NDAYISABA Joseph
AJEJWE IGISATA CHAIRE UNESCO MURI KAMINUZA Y’UBURUNDI
CELAB, 22 mars 2017
Slide2Tuzirikane
Umwe
mubo
mukorana
arabatera
ishavu
.
Arikundwakaza
,
aguma
aja
kudodobereza
abandi
bakozi
kandi
kenshi
arababeshera
.
Mwumva
mwarengewe
n’
inyifato
yiwe
.
Aratera
icuka
kibi
ku
kazi
.
Murinda
gutorera
inyishu
ico
kibazo
.
Inyishu
nziza
yoba
iyihe
muri
izi
:
Tumujane
mu
kabare
,
tumuboreze
,
hanyuma
tumutikure
tumuhashe
.
Turondere
natwe
ivyo
turementanya
tumurege
kwa
directeur,
hari
aho
yotwumva
akamuhana
canke
akamwirukana
Turindire
,
ngira
azohinduka
,
aracari
muto
Ngira
ndondere
akazi
ahandi
ndamubise
Tumutumeko
abahumure
dukorana
bamushire
mu
katabesha
,
bamwereke
ingaruka
mbi
z’inyifato
yiwe
.
Slide3Slide4Slide5Ukutumvikana n’ukuvuga iki?
Abahinga
baha
UKUTUMVIKANA (le conflit)
insiguro
2
:
Insiguro
ya
mbere
:
iyo
umuntu
afise
ivyo
yifuza
gushikako
bibiri
binganya
inguvu
ariko
bihushanye
.
Akarorero
:
Umuntu
ashaka
kwiyahura
canke
kwahukana
.
Insiguro
ya
k
abiri
:
abantu
babana
mu
muryango
,
ku
kazi
,
mw’ishirahamwe
, mu
gihugu
…
ntibashobora
kubura
ivyo
bapfa
kubera
inyungu
bamwe
n’
abandi
barondera
.
N
iho
hava
Ukutumvikana
Slide6Uko kutumvikana twogusigura gute ?
Umuntu
wese
afise
ivyo
yifuza
kuronka
no
kurangura
kugira
abeho
(besoins primaires),
canke
yumve
ko
afise
agaciro
(besoins immatériels
).
Ivyo
umuntu
akenera
kugira
abeho
:
aho
aba
,
ivyo
gufungura
,
kuvyara
abana
…
Cf.
Amatati
y’
amatongo
…
Ivyerekeye
kugira
agaciro
mu
bandi
:
Kugira
icubahiro
, kuba mu
migambwe
,
amadini
,
amoko
…(
les
identités
et les positions sociales
)…
NB:
Gupfa
icubahiro
canke
itunga
kenshi
biragora
gutandukanya
.
Umuntu
wese
abaye
intambamyi
kugira
ushike
kuco
ushaka
ntimwumvikana
, n’
umukeba
,
birashika
akaba
umwansi
wo
kurwanya
.
Kuko
iyo
agutesheje
gushika
ku
nyungu
zawe
,
arakubabaza
,
agutera
ishavu
,
inzigo
(
Cf. notion de frustration
)…
Niho
hava
ukutumvikana
.
Slide7Uko kutumvikana twogusigura gute ?
Ukutumvikana
lero
bijanye
n’
ingwano
abantu
bamamwo
kugira
babandanye
babaho
,
borohewe
. (
Lutte pour la vie, Struggle for life
).
Ntitwumvikana
lero
n’
umuntu
uwariwe
wese
atubera
intambamyi
ku
nyungu
dushaka
gushikako
,
iyari
yo
yose
.
Ivyerekana
ko
abantu
batumvikana
ni
vyinshi
:
kwidoga
,
gushavura
,
gutukana
,
kurwana
muri
babiri
,
canke
hagati
y’
ababashigikiye
abantu
bagahona
n’
ibintu
bikayogera
Iyo
lero
tudashoboye
kwumvikana
n’
uwo
yatubereye
intambamyi
hakurikira
gukoresha
inguvu
(violence),
ingwano
Ingwano
isigura
ishaka
ryo
kuzimanganya
canke
guhasha
«
intambamyi
».
Slide8Uko kutumvikana twogusigura gute ?
Ukutumvikana
rimwe
na
rimwe
na
mugenzawe
, n’
uwo
mubana
mu
nzu
,
mw’ishirahamwe
, mu
gihugu
, si
igicumuro
,
ni
ibisanzwe
.
Kubera
umuntu
wese
yama
ashaka
gushikira
inyungu
ziwe
,
inyungu
z’abandi
zigacika
intambamyi
,
bisigura
ko
ukutumvikana
hagati
y’
abantu
(
mbere
n’
ibikoko
)
ari
ibisanzwe
.
Ni
ibisanzwe
kandi
ko
abantu
badahuza
ivyiyumviro
.
Ariko
kenshi
abatiyumvira
nkatwe
,
abadakunda
ivyo
dukunda
ntitubumva
,
badutera
ishavu
,
turabafata
nk’abansi
,
nk’ibijuju
,
abataye
«
umurongo
»,
abahemu
…
Slide9Ukutumvikana si igihushane c’amahoro
Ingorane
nyamukuru
ntitwozirondera
mu
vyo
abantu
bapfa
.
Vyama
biriho
,
kandi
bizokwamaho
.
Ukutumvikana
si
ukuvuga
ko
amahoro
aba
asambutse
.
Ko
imigenderanire
hagati
yacu
ipfuye
.
Igikomeye
n’
ingene
dutorera
umuti
uko
kutumvikana
.
Slide10Slide11inyifato zo kwirinda
igihe
hari
abo
tutumvikana
Gukenyererako
, bisa n’
uguhunga
ingorane
.
Guheberana
ntibihanagura
ukutumvikana
,
kandi
i
shavu
riraraba
ntirihera
.
Gukoresha
inguvu
:
ntizitorera
umuti
ukutumvikana
,
ziduza
ishavu
n’
inzikira
,
zigwiza
ishaka
ryo
kwihora
. Kandi
uko
inguvu
zikora
niko
zihera
.
Gukoresha
amayeri
,
irementanya
,
kugura
abantu
(corruption),
iterabwoba
.
Ingaruka
ni
zimwe
no
gukoresha
inguvu
.
Uwo
mupfa
ibintu
urashobora
«
kumuzivya
»
uciye
muri
izo
nzira
.
Ariko
ntibisigura
ko
ico
mupfa
kiba
giheze
.
Hari
imigani
mu
kirundi
ibisigura
:
«
iyo
bumenya
umwe
bwari
ikindi
…
Aho
wabukaranga
nari
musi
y’urujo
,
Ruriye
abandi
rutakwibagiye
…
».
Slide12Ni ryari ukutumvikana gutsimbatara
kukavamwo
n’
ingwano
?
Ukutizigiranira
.
Ukwinubana
, bituma
atawizigira
uwundi
,
umwe
wese
yishira
mu
mutwe
ko
mugenziwe
amushakira
inabi
,
ashaka
kumukuraho
Gupfa
ubuhizi
: (Les conflits de position
):
Kwemera
ko
mugenzawe
afise
ukuri
bisa n’
ugutsindwa
.
Inyungu
zinyegeje
:
wibaza
ngo
mupfa
ivyo
mwotorera
umuti
,
nawe
afise
iyindi
ntumbero
:
ashaka
kukunyaga
utwawe
…
akaguma
aduza
akariro
ngo
bikunde
murwane
,
kuko
yizigiye
inguvu
ziwe
…
Hari
abantu
muri
kamere
kabo
bigora
gutegera
abandi
:
abanyenzigo
(jaloux), a
batihanganira
kurushwa
,
uko
bigenda
kose
(
Cf.
Syndrôme
du Premier de
Classe
),
abakunzi
b’inda
…
Slide13Ku vyerekeye ukutizigiranira(
La Puissance Créatrice de l’Hypothèse
)
Kenshi
ukutumvikana
kurava
mu
mwikeko
.
Muti
bigenda
gute
?
Wibaza
ko
naka
akwanka
,
agukengera
…
rimwe
na
rimwe
kubera
mudasangiye
idini
,
ubwoko
,
iyo
mwavukiye
... (
Raisonnement par
syllogisme
)
Ico
ciyumviro
kimaze
gutsimbatara
,
uca
utangura
kuraba
ribi
uwo
wibaza
ko
akwanka
:
kumwinuba
,
kumufata
nabi mu
mvugo
no mu
ngiro
.
Vyumvikana
ko
uwo
mugenzawe
ufashe
uko
aca
nawe
atangura
kugufata
nk’umwansi
,
kubera
amajambo
n’
inyifato
vyawe
.
Bigenze
uko
,
ivyo
wibaza
kuri
we
biba
bironse
ivyemezo
:
ntimubona
?
Muhora
mugira
ngo
ndamubeshera
!
…
Slide14Mwame mwibuka ingaruka
mbi
z’indwano
!
Abapfa
,
abakomereka
Abapfungwa
,
abatotezwa
,
abata
bakomoka
Intuntu
n’
ubwoba
vyizizira
imitima
y’
abantu
Ishavu
n’
ishaka
ryo
kwihora
uwadukoreye
amabi
(Cf. Crises de violences récurrentes au Burundi)
Ibintu
bisambuka
vyadutwaye
uburyo
n’
inguvu
nyinshi
Iterambere
risubira
inyuma
N’
ibindi
…
Slide15Ingendo yo gutorera umuti
ukutumvikana
:
Kuyaga
,
Kuganira
Ukutumvikana
kwadutse
,
umuti
n’ukwemera
gushira
ahabona
ivyo
dupfa
mu
biganiro
:
birinda
kuba
inyifato
ya
misi
yose
.
Kwiyubara
ibishobora
kubabaza
mugenzawe
:
ibuka
g
ukoresha
“
inyifato
tsindashavu
” (
gusaba
imbabazi
,
inshumbusho
…)
Kwubahiriza
amategeko
n’umwumvikano
: Iyo
ukutumvikana
kwadutse
,
haba
hari
umwe
mu
batumvikana
yarenze
ku
mategeko
canke
amasezerano
(
ikibazo
:
ni
nde
yatanguye
?).
Abantu
baratoye
ubuhinga
bwo
kwerekana
umuntu
wese
aho
ageza
mu
bintu
atunze
no
muvyo
afitiye
uburenganzira
:
uburimbi
mu
matongo
,
gutanga
inkwano
…
Slide16Kugira ukuganira kugire ico
gushikako
,
hari
ibidahara
:
Ivyo
abaganira
bapfa
birinda
kumenyekana
neza
ivyari
vyo
.
Abantu
badatomoye
ivyo
bapfa
,
kandi
bakavyemanga
,
urubanza
rwabo
ntirucika
.
Ico
umwe
umwe
wese
arondera
kirinda
kwumvikana
kandi
kikaba
gishoboka
.
Gusaba
nkana
ibidashoboka
uba
ushaka
intambara
. (
NB:
akarimbi
hagati
y’ibishoboka
n’ibidashoboka
?)
Umwe
wese
mu
baganira
arinda
kwitegura
kugira
ico
arekuye
.
M
u
biganiro
ntushobora
kuronka
ivyo
wifuza
vyose
,
uwo
muganira
nawe
abure
vyose
.
Ntibishoboka
.
Dutegere
neza
:
ibi
tuvuze
vyerekeye
umubano
usanzwe
hagati
y’
abantu
. Hari
ubukozi
bw’ikibi
buhanwa
n’
amategeko
kubera
buhungabanya
umutekano
:
ubusuma
,
ubwicanyi
….
Slide17Kugira ukuganira bigire ico
bishitseko
,
hari
ibidahara
:
Abaganira
barinda
kuba
bafise
ishaka
ryo
gusubira
kubana
neza
(Sauvegarde de la Relation
)
Hari
uwo
mutumvikana
,
irinde
gukoresha
amayeri
,
irementanya
,
iterabwoba
,
inguvu
.
Kuko
ukutumvikana
kugumaho
.
Ishavu
ntirihera
,
ahubwo
rirongerekana
.
Abaganira
barinda
guhagarika
imishamirano
:
abantu
bariko
baratukana
canke
bagwana
ntibikunda
ko
bumvikana
.
Iyo
ishavu
ryabaye
rirerire
,
hari
aho
biba
ngombwa
ko
abashamiranye
bahera
mu
gutukana
,
ijwi
rikaduga
,
biragabanya
akazikira
,
ukuvugana
bigakunda
. (Cpt cathartique)
Slide18Abahuza
Hari
aho
abatumvikana
bibananira
guhura
ngo
bayage
ivyo
bapfa
,
bagakenera
abaja
hagati
. (Cf.
Abashingantahe
,
abahuza
…)
Kugira
nabo
nyene
bashike
aho
bumvikanisha
abatase
,
hari
inyifato
n’
ubuhinga
barinda
gukoresha
( Techniques d’Ecoute) :
Gutegera
neza
ivyo
abo
buzuriza
bapfa
Kwirinda
guhengama
mu
mvugo
no mu
nyifato
Gutomora
neza
ivyo
bategereye
Kudoma
urutoke
ku
ruhara
rw’umwe
n’
uwundi
mu
kutumvikana
kwabo
Kubereka
inzira
zobafasha
kuva
mu
mishamirano
bagasubira
kwumvikana
Slide19Ingaruka nziza z’ikiyago mu gihe
tugize
ivyo
dupfa
Kirigisha
gutegera
ko
abandi
babara
,
bidashikira
twebwe
gusa
Turahigira
ubuhinga
bwo
kubana
neza
no
kwirinda
imishamirano
Ikiyago
kirafasha
gutegera
agaciro
k’uwo
tutumvikana
Iyo
mwumvikanye
n’
uwo
mwari
mushamiranye
biraruhura
, n’
umutwaro
n’
umwitwarariko
biba
bivuye
mu
nzira
Ikiyago
gituma
tugwiza
abagenzi
,
tukagabanya
abansi
Ikiyago
kirerekana
inguvu
n’
ubutwari
bw’umuntu
.
Kwemera
kuyaga
« n’
umwansi
» si
twese
tubishobora
.
Slide20Gusozera
Ukutumvikana
kurasanzwe
kandi
kuzokwamaho
hagati
y’abantu
,
i
gihe
cose
abantu
baba
bafise
inyungu
bakurikirana
,
Igituma
ukutumvikana
kuvamwo
ingwano
n’ubwicanyi
,
n’ugushaka
kwigungirako
,
kudategera
ko
mugenzawe
ababazwa
n’inyifato
yawe
imurenganya
,
ukwizigira
cane
inguvu
…
Ni
twaba
dushaka
kubana
neza
aho
tuba, mu
mashirahamwe
, mu
gihugu
,
turinda
imisi
yose
kwemera
tugashira
ahabona
ivyo
dupfa
.
Kuko
n’ibisanzwe
ko
bihaba
.
Birababaje
kubona
A
barundi
tudakura
icigwa
mu
makuba
twabayemwo
,
ngo
duhindure
ingendo
,
dushire
imbere
ikiyago
.
Slide21Slide22Image d’un pays qui brûle!
Slide23La détresse se lit dans ces visages d’enfants réfugiés en Tanzanie
Slide24Mwakoze
kuba
mwanteze
amatwi