PPT-Genetic Interaction & Epistasis

lec3 The gene is a chemical determiner Whereas a phenotypic trait results from the combined action of many genes and their products constantly interacting with the environment The environment includes not only ecological factors such as temperature and the amount or quality of light but also internal factors such as hormones and enzymes The enzymes are proteins and the specific molecular organization of protein is determined by genes The enzymatic proteins perform a catalytic function in various cellular chemical metabolic reactions and causing the splitting or union of various molecules. We know that many characteristics are passed on through genes.. Most of these characteristics are not passed on through one gene with only two alleles.. Most are . polygenic. where their traits are caused by a number of different genes.. G. -matrix. Adam G. Jones (Texas A&M Univ.). Stevan. J. Arnold (Oregon State Univ.). Reinhard. . B. ürger. (Univ. Vienna). β. is a vector of directional selection gradients.. z. is a vector of trait means.. 1) Values & means: summary. 2) Variance. 3) . Epigenetics. (. prof. . Slagboom. LUMC). 4) Assignments chapter 7. Values & means: summary. (Falconer & Mackay: chapter 7). Sanja Franic. VU University Amsterdam 2011. . Approach. for the . Genetic. Code. Paul SORBA. p. aul.sorba@lapth.cnrs.fr. Seminar dedicated to my always young friend . Branko. . . Instructor: Van Savage. Spring 2010 Quarter. 4. /6/. 2010. Crash Course in Evolutionary Theory. What. is fitness and what does it describe?. Ability of an entity to survive and propagate forward. in time. It is inherently a dynamic (time evolving property). Can assign fitness to. and. Gene-environment correlation. Charlotte Huppertz. VU University . Medical Center Amsterdam. Netherlands Twin Register. Book recommendation. Chapter: “The interplay between genes and environment” . . GENE GENE INTERACTION. DOMINANCE. :-When one member of allellic pair marks the expression of the other member then it is known as dominance.. EPISTASIS. :-When there is suppression of action of a gene then it is known as epistasis.. . Dorret Boomsma. . Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Dept. Biological Psychology. No aspect of human behavior genetics has caused more confusion and generated more obscurantism than the analysis and interpretation of the various types of non-additivity and non-independence of gene and environmental action and interaction . dominance at both loci, but . homozygous recessive . condition at one of . the two . loci is . epistatic. to the other. .. Flower . Colour. in blue-eyed Mary (. Collinsia. . parviflora. ). Recessive Epistasis. . Inter-locus Interactions. PBG 430. Locus. A. Allele A. Allele a. Locus. B. Allele B. Allele b. Phenotype. Inter-locus interactions . (Epistasis). Interaction(s) between alleles at different loci (i.e. interaction between genes). What do these two famous people have in common?. Title: . Using genetics. . . Thursday 23. rd. . January 2014. Homework: . Learning package 6 (apart from 1(c) ) for . Monday 27. th. January. Learning Outcomes. and . Non-allelic Genes. Jason S. . Martinez. NIS Almaty. Review Vocabulary. Heterozygous (hybrid). Homozygous (purebred). Codominance. Incomplete Dominance. Multiple alleles. Polygenic trait. Ratio. GENETIC INTERACTION. With the help of different experiments, it was found that most of the characters of living organisms are controlled / influenced / governed by a collaboration of several different genes.. Gene-Environment Interactions. Complex diseases result from an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Why study Gene-environment Interactions (. GxE. )?. Studies of . GxE. may help identify and characterize genetic and environmental effects..