Calculations and Conversions Are Heat and Temperature the Same HeatAmount of energy that an object has Temperaturemeasurement of the kinetic energy that an object has Fahrenheit o F is the symbol used for this unit ID: 917694
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Slide1
Energy and Temperature Scales
Calculations and Conversions
Slide2Are Heat and Temperature the Same?
Heat----Amount of energy that an object has
Temperature---measurement of the kinetic energy that an object has
Slide3Slide4Fahrenheit
o
F
is the symbol used for this unit
32
o
is the freezing point of water212o is the boiling point of waterNot a very easy scale to work with due to the wide range of numbers between the fixed points.
Slide5Converting from Fahrenheit to Celsius
Use the following equation to convert between units
F – 32
1.8
Slide6Celsius
Easier to use for science
0
o
C is the freezing point of water
100
oC is the boiling point of waterUses symbol oCEasier to use because it goes from 0-100 so just more practical for science and other fields
Slide7Converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit
Use the following equation to convert from
fahrenheit
to
celsius
C x 1.8 + 32 = F
Slide8The “Absolute Scale” Kelvin
Named after Lord Kelvin
Scale does not use degree signs
Scale does not have negative numbers
This makes it an ideal scale for physics and particle related studies because even at low temperatures it gives the impression that kinetic energy is still present
Slide9Kelvin Con’t
Kelvin calculated the lowest temperature possible by theory
“Absolute Zero” point where it is believed that all molecular motion stops
-273.15 Celsius
-454 Fahrenheit
Nobody has ever reached this point
Slide10Conversions between Celsius and Kelvin
To convert from Celsius to Kelvin
C + 273 = Kelvin Temperature
To convert from Kelvin to Celsius
K – 273 = Degrees Celsius
If you start with Fahrenheit you must convert to Celsius first, and then to Kelvin
Slide11What is Thermochemistry?
The study of the energy of chemical reactions and the changes that it undergoes
1. Heat---the amount of energy that an object has
2. Energy—the ability to do work or to use the heat
Slide12Exothermic Vs
Endothermic
Endothermic
—a reaction where energy is absorbed by the system or object
The temperature of the surroundings will decrease
The temperature of the object will increase
Can cause solids to melt, and liquids to boil
Slide13Exothermic
A reaction where energy is released by the system or object
The temperature of the surroundings will increase
The temperature of the object will decrease
Causes gases to condense and liquids to freeze
Slide14Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of an object by 1 degree Celsius
Depends on the mass and composition of the object
Water has the highest specific heat for any material we will encounter
Slide15Specific Heat Equation
Slide16Heat of Fusion
The amount of heat required to melt a substance at its melting point
Since it is at the melting point, temperature is not part of the equation
Slide17The Equation
Q =
mH
f
Slide18Heat of Vaporization
The amount of energy it required to boil a substance at its boiling point
Since it is at the boiling point, temperature is not part of the equation
Slide19The Equation
Q =
mH
V