What Does it Mean To Compute A Review by Kenton Anderson Major Players Chalmers Dennett Searle Crick and Koch Fodor McDermott David Chalmers httpwwwyoutubecomwatchvNK1Yo6VbRoo ID: 919977
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Slide1
Mind and Mechanism
By Drew McDermott
What Does it Mean “To Compute?”
A Review by Kenton Anderson
Slide2Slide3Slide4Major Players
Chalmers
Dennett
Searle
Crick and Koch
Fodor
McDermott
Slide5David Chalmers
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NK1Yo6VbRoo
2:07-3:34
Slide6Slide7Slide8Slide9Daniel Dennett
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psOcedY4Ywc&feature=related
:22-2:58
Slide10http://www.cartoontube.eu/video/nRwOuE7IJoA/John-Searle-Beyond-Dualism-Pt-1.html
John
Searle
Video:
Qualia
and Zombies
Slide11Crick & Koch
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqMAkbrp5uA
2:30-5:00
Slide12Jerry Fodor
Modularity of the Mind
Slide13McDermott’s Chapters
1. Shows his intent to overcome first order flaws
Places his theory as a second order theory
2. Surveys state of AI research
3. Detailed explanation of his Theory of Consciousness
4.Answers Objections
Ill-defined terms computer and Symbol
5. Defines Computer and Symbol
6. Effects of theory
on
religion and ethics
Slide14McDermott’s Argument
Second-Order Theory of Consciousness:
Digital computer simulates Modules of Brain Activity
Includes Qualia
Disagrees with Dennett’s Intentional Stance
Appeals Little to Neuroscience
Computationalism
and Functionalism
Slide15The Problem:
“How can a purely physical organ—the brain—experience?
Slide16Answer:
Humans have minds because they (or their brains) are computers.
Slide17Development:
Computers have things in common with the brain
Both make and use models of their worlds
Both can (theoretically) experience qualia in their own way
Both of these elements occur via codes and molecules
Phenomenal Consciousness originates:
For Neurologists, in protoplasm (living, feeling parts)
For McDermott, opposite intuition:
Feeling is unrelated to “being alive”
“The great majority of living things never feel anything.”
Therefore, both living systems and other organisms can have feelings
Should therefore accept H that organisms have desires, beliefs, and feelings somehow similar to ours
Consciousness is thus possible in organisms such as computers.
Slide18Paper #2: “AI & Intelligence”
In order to refute critics—such as Searle—AI must create computational models explaining Vision, Language, Locomotion
First section: Overview of Consciousness Theories
Phenomenological Consciousness is a property of a computational system if models itself as experiencing.
Middle Section:
Defines a computational system in detail
Shows how one can exhibit intentionality
Shows that consciousness is modeling self as having experiences
So, computers (
s.f
. intelligent robots) can theoretically be conscious.
And human beings can, conversely, be seen as robotic.
Slide19Slide20References
McDermott, D. (2001). Mind and Mechanism. Cambridge: The MIT
Press.
McDermott, D. (2007). Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness.
Chapter 6 of Philip David
Zelazo
, Morris
Moscovitch
, and
Evan Thompson (eds.): The Cambridge Handbook of
Consciousness. Cambridge University Press, 117–150.
http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dvm/papers/conscioushb.pdf
Slide21Mind and Mechanism
By Drew McDermott
A Review by Kenton Anderson
Question to Ponder: “Are we anything more than computers and robots?”