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Chapter 2 THE REVOLUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION Chapter 2 THE REVOLUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION

Chapter 2 THE REVOLUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chapter 2 THE REVOLUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION - PPT Presentation

American Political Development APD Focus 2011 Taylor amp Francis United States Constitution The basis of US government was a culmination of religious covenants local compacts and regional differences ID: 642910

taylor government amp francis government taylor francis amp 2011 political based american basis covenants regional politics constitutionalism state constitutions

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Slide1

Chapter 2THE REVOLUTION AND THE CONSTITUTION

American Political Development (APD) Focus

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide2

United States ConstitutionThe basis of U.S.

government was a culmination of religious covenants, local compacts, and regional differences. Along with a developing American character, the Founding Fathers transformed a confederacy of colonies into a republic composed of independent states with written constitutions.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide3

Theoretical BasisThe theoretical basis for the American system of government must be understood through examining the historical events,

theoretical reasoning, political documents that influenced the principles of

the

U.S. Constitution.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide4

American Constitutionalism The origin of American constitutionalism was based upon religious convictions enumerated within church charters or covenants. These covenants contained both individual rights and duties as well as

promoting community norms.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide5

Early AgreementsThe Mayflower Compact of 1620 was the first document to create a government based upon the approval of the governed.The Plymouth Agreement created a representative government based upon established political institutions through consent of the community.

The Providence Agreement of 1637, under the direction of Roger Williams, further defined the common good as contingent on popular sovereignty.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide6

Early AgreementsThe Settlers Upon the Piscataqua (1641)Offered a secular as opposed to a spiritual basis for political covenants.

Advanced a notion of governing according to compact.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide7

Settlers Upon the Piscataqua (1641)Document was significant to the development of the Constitution for several reasons:Signified a mutual agreement to establish a secular basis for government.

Demonstrated that popular sovereignty was the basis for government.The momentum of American constitutionalism promoted the idea of representation in government.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide8

Emerging ConstitutionalismThe Laws and Liberties of Massachusetts—evolution from communitarian to legalistic perspective of politicsThe Pilgrim Code of Law in 1681codified administrative practices

legislative requirements and duties of the General Courtelection cyclesthe operations of political institutions.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide9

Regional Political CulturesColonial constitutionalism was influenced by regional traditions Three predominant colonial political subcultures were present with diverse views on the role of government and the composition of the governing group:

TraditionalistIndividualisticMoralistic

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide10

Traditionalist Political CultureAssociated with more homogenous Southern colonies Viewed government as paternalistic

Simplified rural based politics promoting limited government.Instituted to support the aristocracy, i.e.

landed

gentry

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide11

Individualistic Political CultureIn the mid-Atlantic states Valued competition

Largely advocated minimal government intervention in economic matters and advanced the notion of utilitarianismComplex urban-based politics built around pluralistic interests producing a mix of limited and big government perspectives.

Political participation was concentrated among men of commerce but there were also property requirements to hold public office

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide12

Moralistic Political CultureThe New England colonies A strong communitarian belief that the role of government should be to advance the needs of the community over personal self-interest.

Mix of mercantile and small farm agrarianism causing a statist based politics that promoted high government intervention in economy and society.

© 2011 Taylor & FrancisSlide13

State ConstitutionsThe state constitutions represented the various regional differences regarding the scope and composition of government. However, there were similarities among the state constitutions:

bicameral legislaturepopular elections of the lower house

enfranchisement of white adult males

popular elections for the office of governor,

an elimination of religious provisions from politics

recognition of inalienable rights

© 2011 Taylor & Francis