Indonesias parliamentary and presidential elections Indonesia went to the polls twice in 2014 for both parliamentary and presidential elections It would be the fourth time Indonesia had held elections since President Suharto resigned in 1998 after 30 years in power amid violent antigovernment ID: 815224
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Slide1
Indonesian Elections
Slide2How does the system work?
Indonesia's parliamentary and presidential elections
Slide3Indonesia went to the polls twice in 2014, for both parliamentary and presidential elections.
It would be the fourth time Indonesia had held elections since President Suharto resigned in 1998 after 30 years in power, amid violent anti-government protests.
The parliamentary election - held on April 9, 2014- elected members for both the national and regional legislatures.
Slide4Parties in Indonesia
Slide5‘Nationalist’ Parties
PD (Democrat Party) was created as electoral vehicle for SBY
PDI-P (Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle)
Golkar
Hanura
Gerindra
Slide6Islamic Parties
Two types: ‘pluralist’ and Islamist
Pluralist Islamic parties rely on support of mainstream Islamic organisations and use Islamic symbols but do not promote sharia agendas
Formal ideological basis is Pancasila, not Islam
Islamist parties have more ideological Islamic agenda, including support for sharia implementation
Often more exclusivist in orientation
Slide7Pluralist Islamic parties
PKB (National Awakening Party) founded by Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) and based on Nahdlatul Ulama community
PAN (National Mandate Party) founded by Amien Rais and based on Muhammadiyah community
Slide8Islamist Parties
PPP (United Development Party) based on both NU and Muhammadiyah communities
PBB (Crescent Star Party) led by Forestry Minister MS Kaban
PKS (Prosperous Justice Party) is most interesting of Islamist parties
Slide9Presidential Elections
Importance of the 20%-25% thresholds for nominating candidates
Limits tickets to 2 or 3
Possibility of only one pair of candidates
All parties waiting for legislative election results before finalising tickets
Highly fluid situation; few parties willing to commit themselves at this stage
Slide1010
An entrenched
elite
controlling political parties has been behind the setting of high barriers-to-entry for presidential candidates through electoral laws.
Fluid
Political
Environment
The Oligarchs
A New Voter
1/3 of electorate (60m people) are f
irst-time participants in 2014
- not loyal to any political party.
Requires new ways to reach out.
Apparent candidates: PDI-P’s Joko Widodo, Golkar Aburizal Bakrie, Gerindra’s Prabowo Subianto. A Jokowi’s victory would signal the beginning of change in
Indonesian Politics
Dynamics of Change
Presidential Election in 2014
The Jokowi Factor
Huge surprise from Joko Widodo
’ victory to be Jakarta governer,
served as a wake-up call for the major political parties.
A n
ew
figure with a common touch and strong connection with the broad masses
Slide11The Big Questions
Critical c
hallenges
for
Joko
Widodo
or “
Jokowi
”, the front runner
How to maintain popular appeal
?
Jokowi’s opponent will be using all means to attack his image
as an effective and clean leader.
Who would be the ideal coalition partners?
T
he choice of coalition partners needs to be strategic to guarantee victory
.
Who is the right running mat
e
?
The choice of VP for PDI-P will influence voter decisions
.
Tough c
hallenges
faced by
Prabowo Subianto, currently pooling secondHow to pass the
threshold? First, a vote for Gerindra party is a vote for his presidency; and second, finding willing and capable coalition partners. How to get the ‘right’ running mate? To find the one that can compensate for his weakness
es and connect with the electorate.Aburizal
Bakrie, the least popular candidateVictory is not the point. He probably knows he can’t win, but his main objective is to remain as chairman of Golkar and therefore retain his political influence (and protect his business empire).
Slide12In Your Opinion
Does Indonesia still need Presidential Election?
Do you think that the president chosen by most people in Indonesia guaranted to be the best one?
How about if the President chosen does not care the people after election?
How to handle such a situation?
Slide13How about Parliamentary Elections?
Does Indonesia still need Parliamentary Election?
When the candidates elected, do they realize all they program?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of holding Parliamentary Elections?