PDF-(READ)-From Sound to Synapse: Physiology of the Mammalian Ear

This comprehensive introduction to the functions of the mammalian ear describes the major steps by which sound is transformed into nerve impulses The author leads the reader along the pathway followed by the acoustic signal He starts with the collection of sound by the outer ear proceeds to its transfer by the middle ear and finally analyzes its modification in the inner ear where the sound waves are transformed into nerve impulses The book concludes with descriptions of some common ear impairments and a brief survey of the treatments available for themAt each stage of the ears sound processing Professor Geisler discusses the basic mechanisms covering current theories and illustrating the discussions with experimental data Although he uses an extensive array of analogies and mathematical models he considers only the basic theory and the outputs of the models not their derivation or formal usage Where appropriate related mechanisms in the ears of other vertebrates are consideredFrom Sound to Synapse is written in lucid accessible style that makes no assumptions about the scientific background of the reader apart from a basic familiarity with pulse generation by neurons It will be of value to researchers and students in sensory physiology neurophysiology acoustics bioengineering psychoacoustics and neuroscience It will also benefit neurologists audiologists otolaryngologists and other clinicians interested in a more detailed description of sound processing. meatus.tsound. . From. the . meatus. , the external auditory canal passes inward to the tympanic membrane (eardrum(-. The middle ear is an air-filled cavity in the temporal bone that opens via the auditory (. Introduction. Ears are sense organs that respond to sound.. Your ear converts sound waves into nerve impulses that your brain interprets.. The ear’s structure is designed to receive and transmit the sound waves.. Test Practice. GET STARTED!. Sound is ____________ that you can hear.. bones. speed. vibrations. bounces. Go to the next question. What role does energy play in sound?. Sound waves have nothing to do with energy.. Sensory . System. 3 Parts. : Outer – Middle - Inner. Outer Ear: Auricle. Called the . Pinna. . Fx. : Collects sound waves. Visible part of the ear, outside the head. Outer Ear: External Auditory Canal. Overview. Capabilities of the Auditory System. What does the auditory system do and how well does it do it?. Hearing Sensitivity. The faintest sound that can be detected by the human ear is so weak that it moves the ear drum a distance that is equivalent to . Things That Can Go Wrong. Function of the Ear. The ear serves two functions: hearing and balance.. The organs for these functions are the cochlea for hearing and the semicircular canals for balance.. Wave. particles vibrate parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave. Terminology. Compressions. : areas where particles come closer together. Rarefactions: . regions where particles are further apart. The three parts of the ear are the inner, outer, and middle ear. The outer and middle ear are involved with hearing. The inner ear functions in both hearing and equilibrium. Receptors for hearing and balance: . Cochlea. Auricle. Hammer. Auditory Canal. B. Eardrum. C. Anvil. E. ardrum. B. Cochlea. C. Stirrup. Hammer. B. Anvil. C. Stirrup. Hammer. B. . . Anvil. C. Stirrup. Hammer. B. Anvil. C. Stirrup. The ear is a sensitive organ of the human body. It is mainly concerned with detecting, transmitting and transducing sound. Maintaining a sense of balance is another important function performed by the human ear.. Tympanic Membrane. Eustachian Tube . Pinna. Auditory Nerve. Semicircular Canals. Malleus. (Hammer). Incus. (Anvil). Stapes. (Stirrup). Pinna. (also called the auricle) the visible part of the outer ear. It collects sound and directs it into the outer ear canal. INTRODUCTION. The ear is the organ for collection, conduction, modification, amplification and analysis of . sound. . reaching it. It not only receives sound, but also aids in . balance. . and body position.. MMHS. Advanced Biomedical Science. Hearing Attributes. The senses of . equilibrium. . and hearing . are provided by the . inner ear. , a receptor complex located . in the . temporal bone of the skull. . Chapter 19. Outline. I. Anatomy and Physiology of the Hearing Mechanism. II. General Facts About Hearing Loss. III. Conductive Hearing Loss. IV. Auditory Nervous System Impairments. V. Hearing Loss and Disorders of the Inner Ear.